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deleted a swap file
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swapctl(2) System Calls Manual swapctl(2) NAME
swapctl - manage and configure system swap space SYNOPSIS
PARAMETERS
cmd Specifies the operation to be performed, which includes: adding a resource, deleting a resource reservation, and listing the swap resources. Add a new swap resource to the system. List the swap devices on the system. Currently only the primary swap for the next boot will be listed, if it was configured by See the section below for more details. Remove the swap device configured on the system. Currently the file system swap removal is not supported. See the section below for more details. arg Specifies a pointer to a structure and is dependent on the type of command specified by the cmd parameter. See below for more information. DESCRIPTION
The system call manages system swap space by adding or deleting swap resources or returning information about swap resources. The cmd parameter determines the value of the arg parameter. Each of these commands accepts/returns information in a structure pointed to by the arg parameter. The following sections discuss the information that should be passed in to the system call. They also explain the information contained in these structures after a success- ful return. The SC_ADD Command For the command, arg parameter is a pointer to the structure with some of the following members, depending on which type of swap is being configured: where the fields are as follows: sr_flag is one of the following: o (primary swap device for the next boot) o (swap device for current boot) o (swap file system for the current boot) See the flag field description below for details on the usage. *sr_name Provides the pathname of the resource that is being added. sr_start Specifies, in 1 kilobyte blocks, the starting offset of the swap resource area. sr_length Specifies, in 1 kilobyte blocks, the length of the swap area. Value of 0 means configure the entire device, starting from the offset. sr_priority Indicates the order in which the swap space from the device or file system is used. It has a range of 0 (highest) to 10 (lowest). Swap space is taken from the lower-numbered systems first. sr_min (Needed for file system swap only.) Indicates the minimum number of file system blocks the swap system will take from the file system. sr_lim (Needed for file system swap only.) Indicates the maximum number of file system blocks the swap system is allowed to take from the file system. sr_res (Needed for file system swap only.) Indicates the number of file system blocks that are reserved for swap system use only. For the command, depending on the sr_flag type, the following members of structure need to be passed in. The flag is used to change the primary swap configuration for the next boot. This change will only take place after the next boot. The changed configuration will remain effective until it is changed again using this option. The sr_priority for the primary swap for the next boot should always be set to 1. Other priority values are considered invalid. A value of -1 for sr_start implies a presence of a file system on the swap device and swap area to start immediately after that. The length of the device swap to be configured should at least be kilobytes in size. The length is always rounded down to be a multiple of A VxVM or LVM-based logical volume should be created with contiguous layout to be configured as a primary swap device. For LVM-based sys- tems only the logical volumes within the root volume group can be configured as a primary swap device. For a pre-existing directory swap, a value of -1 for sr_min, sr_lim, sr_res, or sr_priority will keep the value unchanged. This can be used to change selective values without affecting others. For example, if priority of a pre-existing directory swap needs to be changed without affecting the values of sr_min, sr_lim, or sr_res, one can specify the new priority value and pass -1 for other arguments. The size for the file system blocks mentioned above is the preferred file system block size. The preferred file system block size can be obtained by the call. The SC_REMOVE Command For the command, arg parameter is a pointer to the structure with the following members: where the fields are as follows: sr_flag is one of the following: o (primary swap device for the next boot) o (swap device for current boot) *sr_name Pathname of the resource that is being removed. sr_start Starting offset that was specified with the command. sr_length Length of swap device that was specified with the command. The sr_name, sr_start, and sr_length should be the same values that were used with the command. The for the next boot primary swap will only work if the primary swap device was configured using the command. A primary swap device that has been configured for swap by methods other than can not be altered by the command. When using the and commands, the calling process fails if the appropriate privileges do not exist for the operation. The SC_LIST Command For the command, arg parameter is a pointer to the structure with following members: where: swt_n Specifies the maximum entries that will be returned by swt_ent Is an array of swt_n Currently the command can be used to list the primary swap configured for next boot, so the array size for the structures is 1. swt_flag sr_flag is The flag indicates that the swap resource that is marked as swap for the next boot be listed. This will only work if the primary swap device was configured using the command. Devices that have been configured for use by methods other than can not be listed by the command. The structure will return the information in the following fields: Before is issued, allocate memory to all of the ste_path pointers. Ensure that each of the areas allocated is at least bytes long. is defined in The fields are defined as follows: *ste_path Specifies the name of the swap device. ste_dev Specifies the device number corresponding to the ste_path. ste_priority Specifies the priority at which the device was configured. ste_start Specifies in 512-byte blocks, the starting block to begin swapping. ste_length Specifies in 512-byte blocks, the length of the swap area. ste_dev Specifies the device number corresponding to the ste_path. The command for now only lists the primary swap device that is configured for next boot. The interface has to be used to get the list of all other swap resources. RETURN VALUES
On success, the system call returns 0 when used with the or commands. For the command, the number of entries actually returned indicates success. On error, the system call returns a value of -1 and sets to indicate the error. ERRORS
If the system call fails, is set to one of the following: A component of the sr_name prefix denies search permission. The input device pointer to be sr_name has a logical volume on it. For the device associated with sr_name already has swap turned on. The device associated with sr_name is already in use. For primary swap configuration, indicates that a swap device is already configured as primary swap for next boot. It should be removed using the command before a new one can be added. Unable to read the device associated with sr_name. Unable to read or write to the kernel registry services (see krs(5)). Specifies that the structure pointed to by the arg parameter or swt_ent field of struct, or one of the fields sr_name or ste_path is outside the allocated address space. Invalid input parameter passed in. Indicates that the LVM device passed in for is not early boot accessible or is a non-contiguous logical volume The path used with the command is not a swap resource. The range indicated by the sr_start and sr_length fields for the command is outside the resource specified. Indicates that the pathname used with the or commands has too many symbolic links to correctly translate the pathname. Indicates that the length or path used with the or command exceeds the maximum allowed with in effect. Indicates that a invalid pathname was specified with either the or commands. Indicates that the primary swap was not set using the command when using with the command to list primary swap. Indicates that the path used with the command for adding device swap is not a block device file. Indicates that the path used with the command for adding file system swap is not a directory. The device associated with sr_name could not be opened. Indicates that insufficient privileges do not exist for the operation. Indicates that a read-only file system was specified by the path for the command. EXAMPLES
The following example adds, lists and removes a primary swap device for next boot: #include <sys/swap.h> #include <stdio.h> int main() { int rv; swapres_t swp; swaptable_t swt; swapent_t swent; char path[1024] = "/dev/disk/disk12 "; char ret_path[1024]; bzero(ret_path, 1024); /* add a new primary swap for next boot */ swp.sr_flag = SW_PRIMARY | SW_NEXTBOOT; swp.sr_name = path; swp.sr_start = 0; swp.sr_length = 0; /* 0 len implies, use the entire dev */ swp.sr_priority = 1; rv = swapctl(SC_ADD, (void *)&swp); if (rv) { perror("swapctl/SC_ADD failed"); exit(1); } /* list the swap device configured above */ swent.ste_path = path; swt.swt_n = 1; swt.swt_flags = SW_PRIMARY | SW_NEXTBOOT; swt.swt_ent = &swent; rv = swapctl(SC_LIST, (void *)&swt); if (rv != 1) { /* returns the number of swap devices returned */ printf("swapctl/SC_LIST returned: %d ", rv); perror("swapctl/SC_LIST failed"); exit(2); } printf("Primary swap for next boot: %s ", swent.ste_path); /* Remove the above configured primary swap */ swp.sr_flag = SW_PRIMARY | SW_NEXTBOOT; swp.sr_name = path; /* same path as used for SC_ADD */ swp.sr_start = 0; /* same start as used for SC_ADD */ swp.sr_length = 0; /* same length as used for SC_ADD */ swp.sr_priority = 1; rv = swapctl(SC_REMOVE, (void *)&swp); if (rv) { perror("swapctl/SC_REMOVE failed"); exit(3); } return 0; } WARNINGS
If is used for configuring primary swap, other methods for configuring primary swap like and system configuration files (see lvlnboot(1M), vxvmboot(1M), and system(4)), and PA HP-UX boot loader mechanism will become ineffective. In other words, if a device is configured for primary swap using then other device(s) that are configured for primary swap using the above mentioned methods will not be effective. The and system configuration file methods for configuring swap are deprecated and will be obsoleted in future releases. AUTHOR
was developed by HP. SEE ALSO
hpux(1M), lvlnboot(1M), vxvmboot(1M), swapctl(2), system(4), swchunk(5). swapctl(2)
deleted a swap file