01-19-2011
Unix $USER and $LOGNAME environment variables
Hi,
I am wondering what is the difference between the USER and LOGNAME environment variables, and under what situations would they be different?
I am using Ubuntu 8.04 32-bit and I do not have 'login' command to test it.
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LEARN ABOUT MINIX
environ
ENVIRON(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual ENVIRON(7)
NAME
environ - user environment
SYNOPSIS
extern char *const *environ;
DESCRIPTION
An array of strings called the `environment' is made available by execve(2) when a process begins. By convention these strings have the
form `name=value'. The following names are used by various commands:
PATH The sequence of directory prefixes that sh, time, nice(1), etc., apply in searching for a file known by an incomplete path name.
The prefixes are separated by `:'. Login shells set PATH=:/bin:/usr/bin. Note that the empty space between the `=' and the `:'
indicates the current directory. Security aware people move the extra `:' to the end of their path or omit it.
HOME A user's login directory, set by login(1) from the password file passwd(5).
TERM The kind of terminal for which output is to be prepared. This information is used by programs that wish to exploit special termi-
nal capabilities, a screen oriented text editor for instance. The terminal type is set by login(1) from the tty database
ttytab(5).
SHELL The file name of the users login shell, set by login(1) from the password file passwd(5).
TERMCAP The string describing the terminal in TERM, or the name of the termcap file, see termcap(5), termcap(3).
EXINIT A startup list of commands read by elvis(1).
USER The login name of the user, set by login(1) from the password file passwd(5).
LOGNAME Set to the same value as USER. BSD derived systems have USER, System V has LOGNAME, so modern systems have both to avoid problems.
Further names may be placed in the environment by the
export command and `name=value' arguments in sh(1). Arguments may also be placed in their environment by programs if they use
putenv(3). Or in the environment of another program by building a new environment for one of the exec functions that accepts an
environment list, like execle(2) or execve(2). It is unwise to conflict with certain sh(1) variables that are frequently set and/or
exported by `.profile' files: MAIL, PS1, PS2, IFS.
SEE ALSO
elvis(1), login(1), sh(1), execl(2), execve(2), system(3), termcap(3), termcap(5), ttytab(5).
4.2 Berkeley Distribution May 20, 1985 ENVIRON(7)