DATE(3) 								 1								   DATE(3)

date - Format a local time/date

SYNOPSIS

       string date (string  $format, [int  $timestamp = time()])

DESCRIPTION

	Returns  a string formatted according to the given format string using the given integer $timestamp or the current time if no timestamp is
       given. In other words, $timestamp is optional and defaults to the value of time(3).

PARAMETERS

	      o $format
		- The format of the outputted date string. See the formatting options below. There are also several predefined date constants that
		may be used instead, so for example DATE_RSS contains the format string 'D, d M Y H:i:s'.

	      The following characters are recognized in the $format parameter string

	      +------------------+--------------------------------------+---+
	      |$format character |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	       Description		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	 Example returned values	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      +------------------+--------------------------------------+---+
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |       Day	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        d	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Day	of  the  month,  2  digits with |   |
	      | 		 | leading zeros			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		 01 to 31		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        D	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | A textual representation of	a  day, |   |
	      | 		 | three letters			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	     Mon through Sun		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        j	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Day	of  the  month	without leading |   |
	      | 		 | zeros				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		 1 to 31		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |l (lowercase 'L') |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | A full textual representation of the |   |
	      | 		 | day of the week			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	 Sunday through Saturday	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        N	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | ISO-8601  numeric  representation of |   |
	      | 		 | the day of the week	(added	in  PHP |   |
	      | 		 | 5.1.0)				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | 1  (for  Monday) through 7 (for Sun- |   |
	      | 		 | day) 				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        S	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | English ordinal suffix for  the  day |   |
	      | 		 | of the month, 2 characters		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | st, nd, rd or th. Works well with j	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        w	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Numeric representation of the day of |   |
	      | 		 | the week				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | 0 (for Sunday) through 6 (for Satur- |   |
	      | 		 | day) 				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        z	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | The	day  of the year (starting from |   |
	      | 		 | 0)					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	      0 through 365		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |      Week	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        W	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | ISO-8601 week number of year,  weeks |   |
	      | 		 | starting  on  Monday  (added  in PHP |   |
	      | 		 | 4.1.0)				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Example: 42 (the 42nd  week	in  the |   |
	      | 		 | year)				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |      Month	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        F	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | A  full  textual representation of a |   |
	      | 		 | month, such as January or March	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	 January through December	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        m	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Numeric representation of  a  month, |   |
	      | 		 | with leading zeros			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	      01 through 12		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        M	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | A  short textual representation of a |   |
	      | 		 | month, three letters 		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	     Jan through Dec		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        n	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Numeric representation of  a  month, |   |
	      | 		 | without leading zeros		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	       1 through 12		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        t	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |  Number of days in the given month	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	      28 through 31		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |      Year	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        L	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	 Whether it's a leap year	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | 1 if it is a leap year, 0 otherwise. |   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        o	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | ISO-8601  year  number. This has the |   |
	      | 		 | same value as Y, except that if  the |   |
	      | 		 | ISO	week number ( W) belongs to the |   |
	      | 		 | previous or next year, that year  is |   |
	      | 		 | used instead. (added in PHP 5.1.0)	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	  Examples: 1999 or 2003	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        Y	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | A  full  numeric representation of a |   |
	      | 		 | year, 4 digits			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	  Examples: 1999 or 2003	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        y	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | A two digit representation of a year |   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	    Examples: 99 or 03		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |      Time	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        a	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Lowercase  Ante  meridiem  and  Post |   |
	      | 		 | meridiem				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		 am or pm		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        A	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Uppercase  Ante  meridiem  and  Post |   |
	      | 		 | meridiem				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		 AM or PM		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        B	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	   Swatch Internet time 	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	     000 through 999		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        g	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | 12-hour format of  an  hour	without |   |
	      | 		 | leading zeros			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	       1 through 12		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        G	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | 24-hour  format  of	an hour without |   |
	      | 		 | leading zeros			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	       0 through 23		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        h	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | 12-hour format of an hour with lead- |   |
	      | 		 | ing zeros				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	      01 through 12		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        H	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | 24-hour format of an hour with lead- |   |
	      | 		 | ing zeros				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	      00 through 23		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        i	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	Minutes with leading zeros	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		 00 to 59		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        s	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |     Seconds, with leading zeros	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	      00 through 59		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        u	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |  Microseconds (added in PHP	5.2.2). |   |
	      | 		 | Note that date(3) will always gener- |   |
	      | 		 | ate 000000 since it takes an integer |   |
	      | 		 | parameter,  whereas DateTime::format |   |
	      | 		 | does support microseconds  if  Date- |   |
	      | 		 | Time was created with microseconds.	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	     Example: 654321		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |    Timezone	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        e	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Timezone  identifier  (added  in PHP |   |
	      | 		 | 5.1.0)				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Examples: UTC, GMT, Atlantic/Azores	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |  I (capital i)	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Whether or not the date is  in  day- |   |
	      | 		 | light saving time			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | 1  if Daylight Saving Time, 0 other- |   |
	      | 		 | wise.				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        O	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Difference to Greenwich  time  (GMT) |   |
	      | 		 | in hours				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	      Example: +0200		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        P	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Difference  to  Greenwich time (GMT) |   |
	      | 		 | with colon between hours and minutes |   |
	      | 		 | (added in PHP 5.1.3) 		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	     Example: +02:00		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        T	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	  Timezone abbreviation 	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	  Examples: EST, MDT ...	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        Z	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Timezone offset in seconds. The off- |   |
	      | 		 | set for timezones  west  of	UTC  is |   |
	      | 		 | always  negative, and for those east |   |
	      | 		 | of UTC is always positive.		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	   -43200 through 50400 	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | Full Date/Time	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |		   ---			|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        c	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |    ISO 8601 date (added in PHP 5)	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	2004-02-12T15:19:21+00:00	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        r	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	 RFC 2822 formatted date	|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Example: Thu, 21 Dec  2000  16:01:07 |   |
	      | 		 | +0200				|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      |        U	 |					|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 | Seconds  since the Unix Epoch (Janu- |   |
	      | 		 | ary 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT)		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      | 		 |	     See also time(3)		|   |
	      | 		 |					|   |
	      +------------------+--------------------------------------+---+
	       Unrecognized characters in the format string will be printed as-is. The Z format will always return 0 when using gmdate(3).

	      Note

		      Since this function only accepts integer timestamps the u format character is only  useful  when	using  the  date_format(3)
		     function with user based timestamps created with date_create(3).

	      o $timestamp
		-  The	optional  $timestamp parameter is an integer Unix timestamp that defaults to the current local time if a $timestamp is not
		given. In other words, it defaults to the value of time(3).

RETURN VALUES

	Returns a formatted date string. If a non-numeric value is used for $timestamp, FALSE is returned and an E_WARNING level error is emitted.

ERRORS
/EXCEPTIONS
	Every call to a date/time function will generate a E_NOTICE if the time zone is not valid, and/or a E_STRICT or E_WARNING message if using
       the system settings or the $TZ environment variable. See also date_default_timezone_set(3)

CHANGELOG

       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
       |Version |						    |
       |	|						    |
       |	|		     Description		    |
       |	|						    |
       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
       | 5.1.0	|						    |
       |	|						    |
       |	|  The valid range of a timestamp is typically from |
       |	| Fri, 13 Dec 1901 20:45:54 GMT to Tue, 19 Jan 2038 |
       |	| 03:14:07  GMT.  (These  are the dates that corre- |
       |	| spond to the minimum and  maximum  values  for  a |
       |	| 32-bit signed integer). However, before PHP 5.1.0 |
       |	| this	range  was  limited  from   01-01-1970	 to |
       |	| 19-01-2038 on some systems (e.g. Windows).	    |
       |	|						    |
       | 5.1.0	|						    |
       |	|						    |
       |	|  Now	issues	the E_STRICT and E_NOTICE time zone |
       |	| errors.					    |
       |	|						    |
       | 5.1.1	|						    |
       |	|						    |
       |	|  There are useful constants of standard date/time |
       |	| formats  that  can be used to specify the $format |
       |	| parameter.					    |
       |	|						    |
       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
EXAMPLES

       Example #1

	      date(3) examples

	      <?php
	      // set the default timezone to use. Available since PHP 5.1
	      date_default_timezone_set('UTC');

	      // Prints something like: Monday
	      echo date("l");

	      // Prints something like: Monday 8th of August 2005 03:12:46 PM
	      echo date('l jS of F Y h:i:s A');

	      // Prints: July 1, 2000 is on a Saturday
	      echo "July 1, 2000 is on a " . date("l", mktime(0, 0, 0, 7, 1, 2000));

	      /* use the constants in the format parameter */
	      // prints something like: Wed, 25 Sep 2013 15:28:57 -0700
	      echo date(DATE_RFC2822);

	      // prints something like: 2000-07-01T00:00:00+00:00
	      echo date(DATE_ATOM, mktime(0, 0, 0, 7, 1, 2000));
	      ?>

	You can prevent a recognized character in the format string from being expanded by escaping it with a preceding backslash. If the  charac-
       ter with a backslash is already a special sequence, you may need to also escape the backslash.

       Example #2

	      Escaping characters in date(3)

	      <?php
	      // prints something like: Wednesday the 15th
	      echo date('l 	he jS');
	      ?>

	It is possible to use date(3) and mktime(3) together to find dates in the future or the past.

       Example #3

	      date(3) and mktime(3) example

	      <?php
	      $tomorrow  = mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m")  , date("d")+1, date("Y"));
	      $lastmonth = mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m")-1, date("d"),   date("Y"));
	      $nextyear  = mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"),	date("d"),   date("Y")+1);
	      ?>

       Note

	       This  can be more reliable than simply adding or subtracting the number of seconds in a day or month to a timestamp because of day-
	      light saving time.

	Some examples of date(3) formatting. Note that you should escape any other characters, as any which currently have a special meaning  will
       produce	undesirable  results,  and  other  characters may be assigned meaning in future PHP versions. When escaping, be sure to use single
       quotes to prevent characters like 
 from becoming newlines.

       Example #4

	      date(3) Formatting

	      <?php
	      // Assuming today is March 10th, 2001, 5:16:18 pm, and that we are in the
	      // Mountain Standard Time (MST) Time Zone

	      $today = date("F j, Y, g:i a");		      // March 10, 2001, 5:16 pm
	      $today = date("m.d.y");			      // 03.10.01
	      $today = date("j, n, Y"); 		      // 10, 3, 2001
	      $today = date("Ymd");			      // 20010310
	      $today = date('h-i-s, j-m-y, it is w Day');     // 05-16-18, 10-03-01, 1631 1618 6 Satpm01
	      $today = date('i	 is 	he jS day.');   // it is the 10th day.
	      $today = date("D M j G:i:s T Y"); 	      // Sat Mar 10 17:16:18 MST 2001
	      $today = date('H:m:s m is mo
	h');     // 17:03:18 m is month
	      $today = date("H:i:s");			      // 17:16:18
	      $today = date("Y-m-d H:i:s");		      // 2001-03-10 17:16:18 (the MySQL DATETIME format)
	      ?>

	To format dates in other languages, you should use the setlocale(3) and strftime(3) functions instead of date(3).

NOTES

       Note

	       To generate a timestamp from a string representation of the date, you may be able to use strtotime(3). Additionally, some databases
	      have functions to convert their date formats into timestamps (such as MySQL's UNIX_TIMESTAMP function).

       Tip

	       Timestamp of the start of the request is available in $_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME'] since PHP 5.1.

SEE ALSO

       gmdate(3), idate(3), getdate(3), getlastmod(3), mktime(3), strftime(3), time(3), strtotime(3), Predefined DateTime Constants.

PHP Documentation Group 														   DATE(3)