12-20-2006
Reading Multiple Variables From a Single Line in Shell
I'm a Linux newb, I've been running a Debian Linux server for about a year now, and I've written some simple scripts to automate various things, but I still don't know much, and I forget what I learn as fast as I figure it out... Anyway, that really isn't important, I just want you to know that you will probably need to keep things simple if you answer my question. I use ssh to access my server so it is all command line.
I want to write a script to automate backups of certain files on my server. What I've done is create at text file with the name I want to call the backup file, and the folder or file I want to back up seperated by a space, one backup file per line, as follows:
mysql_config /etc/mysql
apache2_config /etc/apache2
What I want to do is have the script read each line, and create a gzipped tarball of each file/folder with the name I have given. My problem is that, as I understand it, cat goes line by line, how do I extract the two different variables from each line? Everything else I think I can figure out, but that one has me stumped. I was thinking I could use awk or mawk, but how do I get awk to only parse one line incrementally?
Thanks in advance. I'm pretty sure this will be simple once I see the solution...
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PIDOF(8) Linux System Administrator's Manual PIDOF(8)
NAME
pidof -- find the process ID of a running program.
SYNOPSIS
pidof [-s] [-c] [-n] [-x] [-o omitpid[,omitpid..]] [-o omitpid[,omitpid..]..] program [program..]
DESCRIPTION
Pidof finds the process id's (pids) of the named programs. It prints those id's on the standard output. This program is on some systems
used in run-level change scripts, especially when the system has a System-V like rc structure. In that case these scripts are located in
/etc/rc?.d, where ? is the runlevel. If the system has a start-stop-daemon (8) program that should be used instead.
OPTIONS
-s Single shot - this instructs the program to only return one pid.
-c Only return process ids that are running with the same root directory. This option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be
unable to check the current root directory of processes they do not own.
-n Avoid stat(2) system function call on all binaries which are located on network based file systems like NFS. Instead of using this
option the the variable PIDOF_NETFS may be set and exported.
-x Scripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of shells running the named scripts.
-o omitpid
Tells pidof to omit processes with that process id. The special pid %PPID can be used to name the parent process of the pidof pro-
gram, in other words the calling shell or shell script.
EXIT STATUS
0 At least one program was found with the requested name.
1 No program was found with the requested name.
NOTES
pidof is actually the same program as killall5; the program behaves according to the name under which it is called.
When pidof is invoked with a full pathname to the program it should find the pid of, it is reasonably safe. Otherwise it is possible that
it returns pids of running programs that happen to have the same name as the program you're after but are actually other programs. Note
that that the executable name of running processes is calculated with readlink(2), so symbolic links to executables will also match.
SEE ALSO
shutdown(8), init(8), halt(8), reboot(8), killall5(8)
AUTHOR
Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl
01 Sep 1998 PIDOF(8)