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Numbering, copying and replacing strings

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# 1  
Old 09-14-2011
Numbering, copying and replacing strings
hello everybody there, I'm a new bash shell programmer and I'm dealing with a problem.
To start, I have a file with a number of string lines which may contain a particular string or not. I have to write a code that identifies the line containing one particular string and keeps it, but also writes another line in which that string is replaced by another one.
For example, the input file is:

Code:
1 AND
2 HOT
3 WITH
4 HOUSE
ecc

and I want that each time there is the letter "H" in a line the code should rewrite the word containing the H and also create a new line with the same word containing the letter "M" instead of "H", so it should be:
Code:
1 AND
2 HOT
3 MOT
4 WITH
5 WITM
6 HOUSE
7 MOUSE

I wrote a simple code but it only replaces the string:
Code:
#!/bin/bash
OLD="H"
NEW="M"

DPATH="/home/me/file.dat"
BPATH="/home/me/out.dat"
TFILE="/tmp/out.tmp.$$"
[ ! -d $BPATH ] && mkdir -p $BPATH || :
for f in $DPATH
     do
          if [ -f $f -a -r $f ]; then
          /bin/cp -f $f $BPATH
          sed "s/$OLD/$NEW/g" "$f" > $TFILE && mv $TFILE "$f"
     else
          echo "Error: Cannot read $f"
     fi
done

#/bin/rm $TFILE

and I don't know how to implement the other points!
Hope I was clear enough!
Thanks to anyone helping!

Moderator's Comments:
Mod Comment Please use [code] and [/code] tags when posting code, data or logs etc. to preserve formatting and enhance readability, thanks. Check your PMs for a guide.
Last edited by zaxxon; 09-14-2011 at 07:27 AM.. Reason: code tags, see PM
# 2  
Old 09-14-2011
sed is the main part in your script and it will only replace H with M.
Also, if there is only one file, you don't need the for loop.

Code:
awk '{print ++i" "$2}/H/{$0=$2;gsub(/H/,"M");print ++i" "$0}' inputFile

Script based...
Code:
#!/bin/bash

OLD="H"
NEW="M"

DPATH="/home/me/file.dat"
BPATH="/home/me/out.dat"
TFILE="/tmp/out.tmp.$$"

i=0
while read lineno string
do
  ((i=i+1))
  echo "$i $string" >> $BPATH
  newstring=$( echo $string | tr $OLD $NEW )
  if [ $string != $newstring ]; then
    ((i=i+1))
    echo "$i $newstring" >> $BPATH
  fi
done < $DPATH

--ahamed
Last edited by ahamed101; 09-14-2011 at 07:50 AM..
This User Gave Thanks to ahamed101 For This Post:
leaf
# 3  
Old 09-14-2011
alternative
Code:
awk '{print $2;if($2~/H/){gsub(/H/,"M",$2);print $2;}}' yourFile|nl -nln

This User Gave Thanks to sk1418 For This Post:
leaf
# 4  
Old 09-14-2011
Thank you both so much.
The loop was useless indeed.
You used some commands I didn't know yet, such as "while read". I just learnt it.
Now I have to implement this :
beside the column with the 100 words, there are other 12 columns with numbers(which can assume only the values of 0 or 1).
I have to find a way to read the 200x12 matrix of numbers and then, in the 10th column, I have to write 1 instead of 0 when the string was changed from H to M and keep the numbers (0 or 1) elsewhere.
For example:

Code:
1 HOT     0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
2 MOT     0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
3 WITH   0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
4 WITM   0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
..      ................................
100   ...............................

Does anybody know an easy way or just an idea to do that?
# 5  
Old 09-14-2011
@leaf
what have you tried?
the easy way is : understanding the solutions try to add "$10=1" on the "if" (or /H/ from ahamed) block. well you may need to do some changes on print to get right output.

I knew that the text I typed above would be longer than the codes. but please get hands dirty.
# 6  
Old 09-14-2011
@sk1418
Actually my idea was to read a bidimensional array from the file and then assign the values 0 or 1 according the criterion I wrote before. I'm stuck on the way to 2D arrays in bash scripting Smilie
# 7  
Old 09-14-2011
why not doing the s/H/M/ and 1/0 trick in one shot by awk?
e.g
if match "H", add a new line s/H/M/, then set the 1 on the certain column?
or I didn't understand your requirement correctly. Smilie
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