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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Numbering, copying and replacing strings Post 302555193 by leaf on Wednesday 14th of September 2011 06:12:47 AM
Old 09-14-2011
Numbering, copying and replacing strings

hello everybody there, I'm a new bash shell programmer and I'm dealing with a problem.
To start, I have a file with a number of string lines which may contain a particular string or not. I have to write a code that identifies the line containing one particular string and keeps it, but also writes another line in which that string is replaced by another one.
For example, the input file is:

Code:
1 AND
2 HOT
3 WITH
4 HOUSE
ecc

and I want that each time there is the letter "H" in a line the code should rewrite the word containing the H and also create a new line with the same word containing the letter "M" instead of "H", so it should be:
Code:
1 AND
2 HOT
3 MOT
4 WITH
5 WITM
6 HOUSE
7 MOUSE

I wrote a simple code but it only replaces the string:
Code:
#!/bin/bash
OLD="H"
NEW="M"

DPATH="/home/me/file.dat"
BPATH="/home/me/out.dat"
TFILE="/tmp/out.tmp.$$"
[ ! -d $BPATH ] && mkdir -p $BPATH || :
for f in $DPATH
     do
          if [ -f $f -a -r $f ]; then
          /bin/cp -f $f $BPATH
          sed "s/$OLD/$NEW/g" "$f" > $TFILE && mv $TFILE "$f"
     else
          echo "Error: Cannot read $f"
     fi
done

#/bin/rm $TFILE

and I don't know how to implement the other points!
Hope I was clear enough!
Thanks to anyone helping!

Moderator's Comments:
Mod Comment Please use [code] and [/code] tags when posting code, data or logs etc. to preserve formatting and enhance readability, thanks. Check your PMs for a guide.

Last edited by zaxxon; 09-14-2011 at 07:27 AM.. Reason: code tags, see PM
 

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GETDATE(3)						     Linux Programmer's Manual							GETDATE(3)

NAME
getdate, getdate_r - convert a date-plus-time string to broken-down time SYNOPSIS
#include <time.h> struct tm *getdate(const char *string); extern int getdate_err; #include <time.h> int getdate_r(const char *string, struct tm *res); Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)): getdate(): _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || _XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED getdate_r(): _GNU_SOURCE DESCRIPTION
The function getdate() converts a string representation of a date and time, contained in the buffer pointed to by string, into a broken- down time. The broken-down time is stored in a tm structure, and a pointer to this structure is returned as the function result. This tm structure is allocated in static storage, and consequently it will be overwritten by further calls to getdate(). In contrast to strptime(3), (which has a format argument), getdate() uses the formats found in the file whose full pathname is given in the environment variable DATEMSK. The first line in the file that matches the given input string is used for the conversion. The matching is done case insensitively. Superfluous whitespace, either in the pattern or in the string to be converted, is ignored. The conversion specifications that a pattern can contain are those given for strptime(3). One more conversion specification is specified in POSIX.1-2001: %Z Timezone name. This is not implemented in glibc. When %Z is given, the structure containing the broken-down time is initialized with values corresponding to the current time in the given timezone. Otherwise, the structure is initialized to the broken-down time corresponding to the current local time (as by a call to local- time(3)). When only the weekday is given, the day is taken to be the first such day on or after today. When only the month is given (and no year), the month is taken to be the first such month equal to or after the current month. If no day is given, it is the first day of the month. When no hour, minute and second are given, the current hour, minute and second are taken. If no date is given, but we know the hour, then that hour is taken to be the first such hour equal to or after the current hour. getdate_r() is a GNU extension that provides a reentrant version of getdate(). Rather than using a global variable to report errors and a static buffer to return the broken down time, it returns errors via the function result value, and returns the resulting broken-down time in the caller-allocated buffer pointed to by the argument res. RETURN VALUE
When successful, getdate() returns a pointer to a struct tm. Otherwise, it returns NULL and sets the global variable getdate_err to one of the error numbers shown below. Changes to errno are unspecified. On success getdate_r() returns 0; on error it returns one of the error numbers shown below. ERRORS
The following errors are returned via getdate_err (for getdate()) or as the function result (for getdate_r()): 1 The DATEMSK environment variable is not defined, or its value is an empty string. 2 The template file specified by DATEMSK cannot be opened for reading. 3 Failed to get file status information. 4 The template file is not a regular file. 5 An error was encountered while reading the template file. 6 Memory allocation failed (not enough memory available). 7 There is no line in the file that matches the input. 8 Invalid input specification. ENVIRONMENT
DATEMSK File containing format patterns. TZ, LC_TIME Variables used by strptime(3). ATTRIBUTES
Multithreading (see pthreads(7)) The getdate() function is not thread-safe. The getdate_r() function is thread-safe. CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001. NOTES
The POSIX.1-2001 specification for strptime(3) contains conversion specifications using the %E or %O modifier, while such specifications are not given for getdate(). In glibc, getdate() is implemented using strptime(3), so that precisely the same conversions are supported by both. EXAMPLE
The program below calls getdate() for each of its command-line arguments, and for each call displays the values in the fields of the returned tm structure. The following shell session demonstrates the operation of the program: $ TFILE=$PWD/tfile $ echo '%A' > $TFILE # Full weekday name $ echo '%T' >> $TFILE # ISO date (YYYY-MM-DD) $ echo '%F' >> $TFILE # Time (HH:MM:SS) $ date $ export DATEMSK=$TFILE $ ./a.out Tuesday '2009-12-28' '12:22:33' Sun Sep 7 06:03:36 CEST 2008 Call 1 ("Tuesday") succeeded: tm_sec = 36 tm_min = 3 tm_hour = 6 tm_mday = 9 tm_mon = 8 tm_year = 108 tm_wday = 2 tm_yday = 252 tm_isdst = 1 Call 2 ("2009-12-28") succeeded: tm_sec = 36 tm_min = 3 tm_hour = 6 tm_mday = 28 tm_mon = 11 tm_year = 109 tm_wday = 1 tm_yday = 361 tm_isdst = 0 Call 3 ("12:22:33") succeeded: tm_sec = 33 tm_min = 22 tm_hour = 12 tm_mday = 7 tm_mon = 8 tm_year = 108 tm_wday = 0 tm_yday = 250 tm_isdst = 1 Program source #define _GNU_SOURCE 500 #include <time.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct tm *tmp; int j; for (j = 1; j < argc; j++) { tmp = getdate(argv[j]); if (tmp == NULL) { printf("Call %d failed; getdate_err = %d ", j, getdate_err); continue; } printf("Call %d ("%s") succeeded: ", j, argv[j]); printf(" tm_sec = %d ", tmp->tm_sec); printf(" tm_min = %d ", tmp->tm_min); printf(" tm_hour = %d ", tmp->tm_hour); printf(" tm_mday = %d ", tmp->tm_mday); printf(" tm_mon = %d ", tmp->tm_mon); printf(" tm_year = %d ", tmp->tm_year); printf(" tm_wday = %d ", tmp->tm_wday); printf(" tm_yday = %d ", tmp->tm_yday); printf(" tm_isdst = %d ", tmp->tm_isdst); } exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } SEE ALSO
time(2), localtime(3), setlocale(3), strftime(3), strptime(3) COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.53 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/. 2013-06-21 GETDATE(3)
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