dirname(3) [php man page]

DIRNAME(3)								 1								DIRNAME(3)

dirname - Returns parent directory's path

SYNOPSIS

       string dirname (string  $path)

DESCRIPTION

	Given a string containing the path of a file or directory, this function will return the parent directory's path.

PARAMETERS

	      o $path
		-  A path.  On Windows, both slash ( /) and backslash ( ) are used as directory separator character. In other environments, it is
		the forward slash ( /).

RETURN VALUES

	Returns the path of the parent directory. If there are no slashes in $path, a dot (' .') is returned, indicating  the  current	directory.
       Otherwise, the returned string is $path with any trailing /component removed.

CHANGELOG

       +--------+-------------------------------+
       |Version |				|
       |	|				|
       |	|	   Description		|
       |	|				|
       +--------+-------------------------------+
       | 5.0.0	|				|
       |	|				|
       |	| dirname(3) is now binary safe |
       |	|				|
       +--------+-------------------------------+
EXAMPLES

       Example #1

	      dirname(3) example

	      <?php
	      echo "1) " . dirname("/etc/passwd") . PHP_EOL; // 1) /etc
	      echo "2) " . dirname("/etc/") . PHP_EOL; // 2) / (or  on Windows)
	      echo "3) " . dirname("."); // 3) .
	      ?>

NOTES

       Note

	      dirname(3) operates naively on the input string, and is not aware of the actual filesystem, or path components such as " ..".

       Note

	      dirname(3)  is locale aware, so for it to see the correct directory name with multibyte character paths, the matching locale must be
	      set using the setlocale(3) function.

       Note

	       Since PHP 4.3.0, you will often get a slash or a dot back from dirname(3) in situations where the older	functionality  would  have
	      given you the empty string.

	Check the following change example:

       <?php

       //before PHP 4.3.0
       dirname('c:/'); // returned '.'

       //after PHP 4.3.0
       dirname('c:/x'); // returns 'c:'
       dirname('c:/Temp/x'); // returns 'c:/Temp'
       dirname('/x'); // returns ''

       ?>

SEE ALSO

       basename(3), pathinfo(3), realpath(3).

PHP Documentation Group 														DIRNAME(3)

PATHINFO(3)								 1							       PATHINFO(3)

pathinfo - Returns information about a file path

SYNOPSIS

       mixed pathinfo (string  $path, [int  $options = PATHINFO_DIRNAME | PATHINFO_BASENAME | PATHINFO_EXTENSION | PATHINFO_FILENAME])

DESCRIPTION

       pathinfo(3) returns information about $path: either an associative array or a string, depending on $options.

PARAMETERS

	      o $path
		- The path to be parsed.

	      o $options
		-  If  present,  specifies  a  specific  element to be returned; one of PATHINFO_DIRNAME, PATHINFO_BASENAME, PATHINFO_EXTENSION or
		PATHINFO_FILENAME. If $options is not specified, returns all available elements.

RETURN VALUES

	If the $options parameter is not passed, an associative array containing the following elements is returned: dirname, basename,  extension
       (if any), and filename.

       Note

	       If  the	$path has more than one extension, PATHINFO_EXTENSION returns only the last one and PATHINFO_FILENAME only strips the last
	      one. (see first example below).

       Note

	       If the $path does not have an extension, no extension element will be returned (see second example below).

	If $options is present, returns a string containing the requested element.

CHANGELOG

       +--------+--------------------------------------------+
       |Version |					     |
       |	|					     |
       |	|		 Description		     |
       |	|					     |
       +--------+--------------------------------------------+
       | 5.2.0	|					     |
       |	|					     |
       |	|  The PATHINFO_FILENAME constant was added. |
       |	|					     |
       +--------+--------------------------------------------+
EXAMPLES

       Example #1

	      pathinfo(3) Example

	      <?php
	      $path_parts = pathinfo('/www/htdocs/inc/lib.inc.php');

	      echo $path_parts['dirname'], "
";
	      echo $path_parts['basename'], "
";
	      echo $path_parts['extension'], "
";
	      echo $path_parts['filename'], "
"; // since PHP 5.2.0
	      ?>

	      The above example will output:

	      /www/htdocs/inc
	      lib.inc.php
	      php
	      lib.inc

       Example #2

	      pathinfo(3) example showing difference between null and no extension

	      <?php
	      $path_parts = pathinfo('/path/emptyextension.');
	      var_dump($path_parts['extension']);

	      $path_parts = pathinfo('/path/noextension');
	      var_dump($path_parts['extension']);
	      ?>

	      The above example will output something similar to:

	      string(0) ""

	      Notice: Undefined index: extension in test.php on line 6
	      NULL

NOTES

       Note

	       For information on retrieving the current path info, read the section on  predefined reserved variables.

       Note

	      pathinfo(3) is locale aware, so for it to parse a path containing multibyte characters correctly, the matching locale  must  be  set
	      using the setlocale(3) function.

SEE ALSO

       dirname(3), basename(3), parse_url(3), realpath(3).

PHP Documentation Group 													       PATHINFO(3)