utmpx(5) [netbsd man page]

UTMPX(5)						      BSD File Formats Manual							  UTMPX(5)

NAME

     utmpx, wtmpx, lastlogx -- user accounting database

SYNOPSIS

     #include <utmpx.h>

DESCRIPTION

     In contrast to utmp and wtmp, the extended databases in utmpx and wtmpx reserve more space for logging hostnames, and also information on a
     process' ID, termination signal and exit status.

     The <utmpx.h> header defines the structures and functions for logging user.  Currently logged in users are tracked in /var/run/utmpx, a list
     of all logins and logouts, as well as all shutdowns, reboots and date changes, is kept in /var/log/wtmpx, and the last login of each user is
     noted in /var/log/lastlogx.

     The interface to the utmpx file is described in getutxent(3).

     The wtmpx file can grow rapidly on busy systems, and is normally rotated with newsyslog(8).

     In the event of a date change, a shutdown, or a reboot, the following items are logged in the wtmpx file:
	   date        The system time has been manually or automatically updated by date(1).  The command name date is recorded in the field
		       ut_name.  In the field ut_line, the character '|' indicates the time prior to the change, and the character '{' indicates
		       the new time.
	   reboot
	   shutdown    A system reboot or shutdown has been initiated.	The character '~' is placed in the field ut_line, and reboot or shutdown
		       in the field ut_name (see shutdown(8) and reboot(8)), using logwtmpx(3).

FILES

     /var/run/utmpx	The utmpx file.
     /var/log/wtmpx	The wtmpx file.
     /var/log/lastlogx	The lastlogx file.

SEE ALSO

     last(1), login(1), rwho(1), w(1), who(1), endutxent(3), logwtmpx(3), utmp(5), ac(8), init(8), newsyslog(8), reboot(8)

BSD
								 January 31, 2007							       BSD

UTMP(5) 						      BSD File Formats Manual							   UTMP(5)

NAME

     utmp, wtmp, lastlog -- login records (DEPRECATED)

SYNOPSIS

     #include <utmp.h>

DESCRIPTION

     The interfaces in file <utmp.h> are all DEPRECATED and are only provided for compatibility with previous releases of Mac OS X.  See
     pututxline(3) and utmpx(5) for the supported interfaces.

     <utmp.h> declares the structures used to record information about current users in the file utmp, logins and logouts in the file wtmp, and
     last logins in the file lastlog.  The time stamps of date changes, shutdowns and reboots are also logged in the wtmp file.

     These files can grow rapidly on busy systems, daily or weekly rotation is recommended.  If any of these files do not exist, it is not cre-
     ated.  These files must be created manually and are normally maintained in either the script /etc/daily or the script /etc/weekly.  (See
     cron(8).)

	   #define _PATH_UTMP	   "/var/run/utmp"
	   #define _PATH_WTMP	   "/var/log/wtmp"
	   #define _PATH_LASTLOG   "/var/log/lastlog"

	   #define UT_NAMESIZE	   8
	   #define UT_LINESIZE	   8
	   #define UT_HOSTSIZE	   16

	   struct lastlog {
		   time_t  ll_time;
		   char    ll_line[UT_LINESIZE];
		   char    ll_host[UT_HOSTSIZE];
	   };

	   struct utmp {
		   char    ut_line[UT_LINESIZE];
		   char    ut_name[UT_NAMESIZE];
		   char    ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE];
		   time_t  ut_time;
	   };

     Each time a user logs in, the login program looks up the user's UID in the file lastlog. If it is found, the timestamp of the last time the
     user logged in, the terminal line and the hostname are written to the standard output. (Providing the login is not quiet, see login(1).)  The
     login program then records the new login time in the file lastlog.

     After the new lastlog record is written , the file utmp is opened and the utmp record for the user inserted.  This record remains there until
     the user logs out at which time it is deleted.  The utmp file is used by the programs rwho(1), users(1), w(1), and who(1).

     Next, the login program opens the file wtmp, and appends the user's utmp record.  The same utmp record, with an updated time stamp is later
     appended to the file when the user logs out. (See launchd(8).)  The wtmp file is used by the programs last(1) and ac(8).

     In the event of a date change, a shutdown or reboot, the following items are logged in the wtmp file.

     reboot
     shutdown	 A system reboot or shutdown has been initiated.  The character '~' is placed in the field ut_line, and reboot or shutdown in the
		 field ut_name.  (See shutdown(8) and reboot(8).)

     date	 The system time has been manually or automatically updated.  (See date(1).)  The command name date is recorded in the field
		 ut_name.  In the field ut_line, the character '|' indicates the time prior to the change, and the character '{' indicates the new
		 time.

FILES

     (These files no longer exist in 10.5 or later.)

     /var/run/utmp     The utmp file.
     /var/log/wtmp     The wtmp file.
     /var/log/lastlog  The lastlog file.

SEE ALSO

     last(1), login(1), who(1), ac(8), launchd(8)

HISTORY

     A utmp and wtmp file format appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX.  The lastlog file format appeared in 3.0BSD.

4th Berkeley Distribution					  March 17, 1994					 4th Berkeley Distribution