09-07-2015
To make scripts executable, you need to set its directory entry's "executable permissions" for the intended users/persons, "owner", "group", or "others". Enter chmod (all lower case) into the shell for this. Consider well which target users should receive that permission; in above sample you give it to all three groups.
nano is one among other editors used to modify scripts. It has nothing to do with the execution of a script.
The so called "shebang" within the script text is not mandatory but helps the shell decide which program to use to run the script.
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CHMOD(1) General Commands Manual CHMOD(1)
NAME
chmod - change mode
SYNOPSIS
chmod mode file ...
DESCRIPTION
The mode of each named file is changed according to mode, which may be absolute or symbolic. An absolute mode is an octal number con-
structed from the OR of the following modes:
4000 set user ID on execution
2000 set group ID on execution
1000 sticky bit, see chmod(2)
0400 read by owner
0200 write by owner
0100 execute (search in directory) by owner
0070 read, write, execute (search) by group
0007 read, write, execute (search) by others
A symbolic mode has the form:
[who] op permission [op permission] ...
The who part is a combination of the letters u (for user's permissions), g (group) and o (other). The letter a stands for ugo. If who is
omitted, the default is a but the setting of the file creation mask (see umask(2)) is taken into account.
Op can be + to add permission to the file's mode, - to take away permission and = to assign permission absolutely (all other bits will be
reset).
Permission is any combination of the letters r (read), w (write), x (execute), s (set owner or group id) and t (save text - sticky). Let-
ters u, g or o indicate that permission is to be taken from the current mode. Omitting permission is only useful with = to take away all
permissions.
The first example denies write permission to others, the second makes a file executable:
chmod o-w file
chmod +x file
Multiple symbolic modes separated by commas may be given. Operations are performed in the order specified. The letter s is only useful
with u or g.
Only the owner of a file (or the super-user) may change its mode.
SEE ALSO
ls(1), chmod(2), chown (1), stat(2), umask(2)
CHMOD(1)