^ matches the empty string at the beginning of a line (i.e. before the first character), $ matches the empty string at the end of a line (after the last character, not counting any newline).
Write a sed script to extract the year, rank, and stock for the most recent 10 years available in the file top10_mktval.csv, and output in the following format:
------------------------------
YEAR |RANK| STOCK
------------------------------
2007 | 1 | Exxon... (1 Reply)
Hello and thx for reading this
I'm using sed to remove only the leading spaces in a file
bash-280R# cat foofile
some text
some text
some text
some text
some text
bash-280R#
bash-280R# sed 's/^ *//' foofile > foofile.use
bash-280R# cat foofile.use
some text
some text
some text... (6 Replies)
i made a script to update a lot of xml files. to save me some time. Ran it and it replaced all the the files with a 0kb file. The problem i was having is that I am using sed to change xml node <doc_root>. The problem with this is it has a / in the closing xml tag and the stuff inside will also have... (4 Replies)
Hi all,
First off, Thank you all for the knowledge I have gleaned from this site!
Deleting Records from a text file... sed paragraphs
The following code works nearly perfect, however each time it is run on the log file it adds a newline at the head of the file, run it 5 times, it'll have 5... (1 Reply)
I'm not sure if the problem I'm seeing is an artifact of sed or simply a beginner's mistake. Here's the problem: I want to add a zero-width space following each underscore between XML tags. For example, if I had the following xml:
<MY_BIG_TAG>This_is_a_test</MY_BIG_TAG>
It should look like... (8 Replies)
My need is :
Want to change
docBase="/something/something/something"
to
docBase="/only/this/path/for/all/files"
I have some (about 250 files)xml files.
In FileOne it contains
<Context path="/PPP" displayName="PPP" docBase="/home/me/documents" reloadable="true" crossContext="true">... (1 Reply)
Hi,
I am running a script sample.sh in bash environment .In the script i am using sed and awk commands which when executed individually from terminal they are getting executed normally but when i give these sed and awk commands in the script it is giving the below errors :-
./sample.sh: line... (12 Replies)
I am learning SED and just following the shell scripting book, i have trouble understanding the grep and sed statement,
Question : 1
__________
/opt/oracle/work/antony>cat teledir.txt
jai sharma 25853670
chanchal singhvi 9831545629
anil aggarwal 9830263298
shyam saksena 23217847
lalit... (7 Replies)
Discussion started by: Antony Ankrose
7 Replies
LEARN ABOUT BSD
grep
GREP(1) General Commands Manual GREP(1)NAME
grep, egrep, fgrep - search a file for a pattern
SYNOPSIS
grep [ option ] ... expression [ file ] ...
egrep [ option ] ... [ expression ] [ file ] ...
fgrep [ option ] ... [ strings ] [ file ]
DESCRIPTION
Commands of the grep family search the input files (standard input default) for lines matching a pattern. Normally, each line found is
copied to the standard output. Grep patterns are limited regular expressions in the style of ex(1); it uses a compact nondeterministic
algorithm. Egrep patterns are full regular expressions; it uses a fast deterministic algorithm that sometimes needs exponential space.
Fgrep patterns are fixed strings; it is fast and compact. The following options are recognized.
-v All lines but those matching are printed.
-x (Exact) only lines matched in their entirety are printed (fgrep only).
-c Only a count of matching lines is printed.
-l The names of files with matching lines are listed (once) separated by newlines.
-n Each line is preceded by its relative line number in the file.
-b Each line is preceded by the block number on which it was found. This is sometimes useful in locating disk block numbers by con-
text.
-i The case of letters is ignored in making comparisons -- that is, upper and lower case are considered identical. This applies to
grep and fgrep only.
-s Silent mode. Nothing is printed (except error messages). This is useful for checking the error status.
-w The expression is searched for as a word (as if surrounded by `<' and `>', see ex(1).) (grep only)
-e expression
Same as a simple expression argument, but useful when the expression begins with a -.
-f file
The regular expression (egrep) or string list (fgrep) is taken from the file.
In all cases the file name is shown if there is more than one input file. Care should be taken when using the characters $ * [ ^ | ( ) and
in the expression as they are also meaningful to the Shell. It is safest to enclose the entire expression argument in single quotes ' '.
Fgrep searches for lines that contain one of the (newline-separated) strings.
Egrep accepts extended regular expressions. In the following description `character' excludes newline:
A followed by a single character other than newline matches that character.
The character ^ matches the beginning of a line.
The character $ matches the end of a line.
A . (period) matches any character.
A single character not otherwise endowed with special meaning matches that character.
A string enclosed in brackets [] matches any single character from the string. Ranges of ASCII character codes may be abbreviated
as in `a-z0-9'. A ] may occur only as the first character of the string. A literal - must be placed where it can't be mistaken as
a range indicator.
A regular expression followed by an * (asterisk) matches a sequence of 0 or more matches of the regular expression. A regular
expression followed by a + (plus) matches a sequence of 1 or more matches of the regular expression. A regular expression followed
by a ? (question mark) matches a sequence of 0 or 1 matches of the regular expression.
Two regular expressions concatenated match a match of the first followed by a match of the second.
Two regular expressions separated by | or newline match either a match for the first or a match for the second.
A regular expression enclosed in parentheses matches a match for the regular expression.
The order of precedence of operators at the same parenthesis level is [] then *+? then concatenation then | and newline.
Ideally there should be only one grep, but we don't know a single algorithm that spans a wide enough range of space-time tradeoffs.
SEE ALSO ex(1), sed(1), sh(1)DIAGNOSTICS
Exit status is 0 if any matches are found, 1 if none, 2 for syntax errors or inaccessible files.
BUGS
Lines are limited to 256 characters; longer lines are truncated.
4th Berkeley Distribution April 29, 1985 GREP(1)