FIND(1) 						      General Commands Manual							   FIND(1)

NAME

       find - find files

SYNOPSIS

       find pathname-list expression
       find pattern

DESCRIPTION

       In  the first form above, find recursively descends the directory hierarchy for each pathname in the pathname-list (i.e., one or more path-
       names) seeking files that match a boolean expression written in the primaries given below.  In the descriptions, the argument n is used	as
       a decimal integer where +n means more than n, -n means less than n and n means exactly n.

       The  second form rapidly searches a database for all pathnames which match pattern.  Usually the database is recomputed weekly and contains
       the pathnames of all files which are publicly accessible.  If escaped, normal shell "globbing" characters (`*', `?', `[', and ']')  may	be
       used in pattern, but the matching differs in that no characters (e.g. `/') have to be matched explicitly.  As a special case, a simple pat-
       tern containing no globbing characters is matched as though it were *pattern*; if any globbing character  appears  there  are  no  implicit
       globbing characters.

       -name filename
		 True  if the filename argument matches the current file name.	Normal shell argument syntax may be used if escaped (watch out for
		 `[', `?' and `*').

       -perm onum
		 True if the file permission flags exactly match the octal number onum (see chmod(1)).	If onum is prefixed by a minus sign,  more
		 flag bits (017777, see stat(2)) become significant and the flags are compared: (flags&onum)==onum.

       -type c	 True if the type of the file is c, where c is b, c, d, f, l or s for block special file, character special file, directory, plain
		 file, symbolic link, or socket.

       -links n  True if the file has n links.

       -user uname
		 True if the file belongs to the user uname (login name or numeric user ID).

       -nouser	 True if the file belongs to a user not in the /etc/passwd database.

       -group gname
		 True if the file belongs to group gname (group name or numeric group ID).

       -nogroup  True if the file belongs to a group not in the /etc/group database.

       -size n	 True if the file is n blocks long (512 bytes per block).

       -inum n	 True if the file has inode number n.

       -atime n  True if the file has been accessed in n days.

       -mtime n  True if the file has been modified in n days.

       -exec command
		 True if the executed command returns a zero value as exit status.  The end of the command must be punctuated by an escaped  semi-
		 colon.  A command argument `{}' is replaced by the current pathname.

       -ok command
		 Like  -exec  except that the generated command is written on the standard output, then the standard input is read and the command
		 executed only upon response y.

       -print	 Always true; causes the current pathname to be printed.

       -ls	 Always true; causes current pathname to be printed together with its associated statistics.  These include  (respectively)  inode
		 number, size in kilobytes (1024 bytes), protection mode, number of hard links, user, group, size in bytes, and modification time.
		 If the file is a special file the size field will instead contain the major and minor device numbers.	If the file is a  symbolic
		 link  the  pathname  of the linked-to file is printed preceded by ``->''.  The format is identical to that of ``ls -gilds'' (note
		 however that formatting is done internally, without executing the ls program).

       -newer file
		 True if the current file has been modified more recently than the argument file.

       -cpio file
		 Write the current file on the argument file in cpio format.

       -xdev	 Always true; causes find not to traverse down into a file system different from  the  one  on	which  current	argument  pathname
		 resides.

       The primaries may be combined using the following operators (in order of decreasing precedence):

       1)  A parenthesized group of primaries and operators (parentheses are special to the Shell and must be escaped).

       2)  The negation of a primary (`!' is the unary not operator).

       3)  Concatenation of primaries (the and operation is implied by the juxtaposition of two primaries).

       4)  Alternation of primaries (`-o' is the or operator).

EXAMPLES

       To find all accessible files whose pathname contains `find':

	      find find

       To typeset all variants of manual pages for `ls':

	      vtroff -man `find '*man*/ls.?'`

       To remove all files named `a.out' or `*.o' that have not been accessed for a week:

	 find / ( -name a.out -o -name '*.o' ) -atime +7 -exec rm {} ;

FILES

       /etc/passwd
       /etc/group
       /var/db/find.codes     coded pathnames database

SEE ALSO

       sh(1), test(1), fs(5)
       Relevant paper in February, 1983 issue of ;login:.

BUGS

       The first form's syntax is painful, and the second form's exact semantics is confusing and can vary from site to site.

       More than one `-newer' option does not work properly.

7th Edition							 October 11, 1996							   FIND(1)