Thanks for the reply.
I am comfortable with the first method you posted.
But I can't figure out how the second is supposed to work.
...and I don't get what I'm supposed to be doing with that... Is IFS some special variable?
I also wondered if it was possible to assign a \r right into a string:
There sure are a lot of in's and out's with shell scripting aren't there.
Thanks, Howard();
---------- Post updated at 02:37 AM ---------- Previous update was at 01:52 AM ----------
Ah! I see a little more now as far as assignment goes:
Hi all,
having read lots of posts about SU I don't quiet understand this :
I'm doing regular backups of my database (u betta do) and therefore use su - username -c "sqlscript special data_base" in a unixscript which is even using cron. (yep!)
Now I need some other script, still with this... (4 Replies)
I'm not sure where to post this but it's happening on a SunOS 5.8 server so I'll try here.
I've discovered some unexpected behavior when using tr.
For example:
echo a | tr
Z
echo b | tr
a
echo a | tr
B
echo a | tr
B
echo a | tr
A (8 Replies)
Hi there, I'm new to unix-environments.
I'm richard, and i'm mostly a web-developer, under php. I've done work in unix env before, but never had my own.
Today, I've got debian 3.1 r4 from the official site, and i've attempted to install it twice.
I installed it initially as "Desktop... (0 Replies)
I know there are caveats about using read in pipelines because read is treated by a subshell. I know this but I can't think of any way to accomplish this regardless, I'm still a rookie.
I hope somebody will be able to interpret what it is that I'm trying to accomplish and correct me.
... (2 Replies)
# include <stdio.h>
# include <fcntl.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <sys/stat.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv)
{
int fRead, fPadded, padVal;
int btRead;
int BUFFSIZE = 512;
char buff;
if (argc != 4)
{
printf ("Please provide all of the... (3 Replies)
Hi the following c-code utilizing the 'read()' man 2 read method cant read in files larger that 2gig.
Hi I've found a strange problem on ubuntu64bit, that limits the data you are allowed to allocate on a 64bit platform using the c function 'read()'
The following program wont allow to allocate... (14 Replies)
Hi Guys,
Happy New Year to you all!
I have a requirement to read an embedded new-line using KSH's read builtin.
Here is what I am trying to do:
run_sql "select guestid, address, email from guest" | while read id addr email
do
## Biz logic goes here
done
I can take care of any... (6 Replies)
Hello All,
i am a newbie and need some help when reading a csv file in a bourne shell script. I want to read 10 lines, then wait for a minute and then do a reading of another 10 lines and so on in the same way. I want to do this till the end of file.
Any inputs are appreciated
... (3 Replies)
Hi
I am new to writing script and want to use a Bash Piped while-read and read from user input.
if something happens on server.log then do while loop or if something happend on user input then do while loop.
Pseudocode something like:
tail -n 3 -f server.log | while read serverline || read... (8 Replies)
Hi.
How can I create a history function? (By "read" command or so)
&
How can I configure a read command so that the arrow keys are not displayed so funny? (^[[A)
Thanks in advance. (4 Replies)
Discussion started by: sinnlosername
4 Replies
LEARN ABOUT PHP
substr
SUBSTR(3) 1 SUBSTR(3)substr - Return part of a stringSYNOPSIS
string substr (string $string, int $start, [int $length])
DESCRIPTION
Returns the portion of $string specified by the $start and $length parameters.
PARAMETERS
o $string
- The input string. Must be one character or longer.
o $start
- If $start is non-negative, the returned string will start at the $start'th position in $string, counting from zero. For
instance, in the string ' abcdef', the character at position 0 is ' a', the character at position 2 is ' c', and so forth. If
$start is negative, the returned string will start at the $start'th character from the end of $string. If $string is less than or
equal to $start characters long, FALSE will be returned.
Example #1
Using a negative $start
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", -1); // returns "f"
$rest = substr("abcdef", -2); // returns "ef"
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, 1); // returns "d"
?>
o $length
- If $length is given and is positive, the string returned will contain at most $length characters beginning from $start (depend-
ing on the length of $string). If $length is given and is negative, then that many characters will be omitted from the end of
$string (after the start position has been calculated when a $start is negative). If $start denotes the position of this trunca-
tion or beyond, false will be returned. If $length is given and is 0, FALSE or NULL, an empty string will be returned. If
$length is omitted, the substring starting from $start until the end of the string will be returned.
Example #2
Using a negative $length
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", 0, -1); // returns "abcde"
$rest = substr("abcdef", 2, -1); // returns "cde"
$rest = substr("abcdef", 4, -4); // returns false
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, -1); // returns "de"
?>
RETURN VALUES
Returns the extracted part of $string; or FALSE on failure, or an empty string.
CHANGELOG
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Version | |
| | |
| | Description |
| | |
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|5.2.2 - 5.2.6 | |
| | |
| | If the $start parameter indicates the position |
| | of a negative truncation or beyond, false is |
| | returned. Other versions get the string from |
| | start. |
| | |
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
EXAMPLES
Example #3
Basic substr(3) usage
<?php
echo substr('abcdef', 1); // bcdef
echo substr('abcdef', 1, 3); // bcd
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 4); // abcd
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 8); // abcdef
echo substr('abcdef', -1, 1); // f
// Accessing single characters in a string
// can also be achieved using "square brackets"
$string = 'abcdef';
echo $string[0]; // a
echo $string[3]; // d
echo $string[strlen($string)-1]; // f
?>
Example #4
substr(3) casting behaviour
<?php
class apple {
public function __toString() {
return "green";
}
}
echo "1) ".var_export(substr("pear", 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "2) ".var_export(substr(54321, 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "3) ".var_export(substr(new apple(), 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "4) ".var_export(substr(true, 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "5) ".var_export(substr(false, 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "6) ".var_export(substr("", 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "7) ".var_export(substr(1.2e3, 0, 4), true).PHP_EOL;
?>
The above example will output:
1) 'pe'
2) '54'
3) 'gr'
4) '1'
5) false
6) false
7) '1200'
ERRORS /EXCEPTIONS
Returns FALSE on error.
Example #5
<?php
var_dump(substr('a', 1)); // bool(false)
?>
SEE ALSO strrchr(3), substr_replace(3), preg_match(3), trim(3), mb_substr(3), wordwrap(3), String access and modification by character.
PHP Documentation Group SUBSTR(3)