09-02-2009
Native solaris commands to `backup` data :- ufsdump, dd, cpio, tar, flarcreate, cp,
Backing up data is a large subject and can depend on lots of different things reliant on type of application, data and what your backing the data to e.g. tape, network, cd, etc etc.
Some companies create thier own backup scripts using native commands, some use third party applications, netbackup for example, to do all this for them.
Once you've chosen your backup command / type, then you need to understand the application, to then work out how / when to backup it up. Oracle database is a good example, as you just cant take a backup of this running it the backup wont work if you re-install it. So, an understand on the application, what things are rtunning as you back up the data is required.
Once your backing your system, where do you put the data ? well, you can have locally attached tape / cd / devices, or you van pump it over the network to another server's device. Or you can copy it on to additional storage. So, you need to decided where and how you've going to place it somewhere.
Stepping back from the mechanics of backing, you need to define / understand your companies backup requirements / sla's / demands. Some companies need data kept for 7 years, or have a minium resotre time, so you need ot work out what backups are required.
So, backups are easy to achieve, but you need to do some ground work.
Hope this helps.
SBK
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
s3qllock
S3QLLOCK(1) S3QL S3QLLOCK(1)
NAME
s3qllock - Make trees on an S3QL file system immutable
SYNOPSIS
s3qllock [options] <directory>
DESCRIPTION
S3QL is a file system for online data storage. Before using S3QL, make sure to consult the full documentation (rather than just the man
pages which only briefly document the available userspace commands).
The s3qllock command makes a directory tree in an S3QL file system immutable. Immutable trees can no longer be changed in any way whatso-
ever. You can not add new files or directories and you can not change or delete existing files and directories. The only way to get rid of
an immutable tree is to use the s3qlrm command.
s3qllock can only be called by the user that mounted the file system and (if the file system was mounted with --allow-other or
--allow-root) the root user. This limitation might be removed in the future (see issue 155).
RATIONALE
Immutability is a feature designed for backups. Traditionally, backups have been made on external tape drives. Once a backup was made, the
tape drive was removed and locked somewhere in a shelf. This has the great advantage that the contents of the backup are now permanently
fixed. Nothing (short of physical destruction) can change or delete files in the backup.
In contrast, when backing up into an online storage system like S3QL, all backups are available every time the file system is mounted.
Nothing prevents a file in an old backup from being changed again later on. In the worst case, this may make your entire backup system
worthless. Imagine that your system gets infected by a nasty virus that simply deletes all files it can find -- if the virus is active
while the backup file system is mounted, the virus will destroy all your old backups as well!
Even if the possibility of a malicious virus or trojan horse is excluded, being able to change a backup after it has been made is generally
not a good idea. A common S3QL use case is to keep the file system mounted at all times and periodically create backups with rsync -a. This
allows every user to recover her files from a backup without having to call the system administrator. However, this also allows every user
to accidentally change or delete files in one of the old backups.
Making a backup immutable protects you against all these problems. Unless you happen to run into a virus that was specifically programmed
to attack S3QL file systems, backups can be neither deleted nor changed after they have been made immutable.
OPTIONS
The s3qllock command accepts the following options:
--debug
activate debugging output
--quiet
be really quiet
--version
just print program version and exit
EXIT STATUS
s3qllock returns exit code 0 if the operation succeeded and 1 if some error occurred.
SEE ALSO
The S3QL homepage is at http://code.google.com/p/s3ql/.
The full S3QL documentation should also be installed somewhere on your system, common locations are /usr/share/doc/s3ql or
/usr/local/doc/s3ql.
COPYRIGHT
2008-2011, Nikolaus Rath
1.11.1 August 27, 2014 S3QLLOCK(1)