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Full Discussion: Linux disk performance
Operating Systems Linux Red Hat Linux disk performance Post 302340817 by jimthompson on Tuesday 4th of August 2009 11:27:32 AM
Old 08-04-2009
Linux disk performance

I am getting absolutely dreadful iowait stats on my disks when I am trying to install some applications.

I have 2 physical disks on which I have created 2 separate logical volume groups and a logical volume in each. I have dumped some stats as below

My dual core CPU is not being over utilised - 30 to 40% utilisation but the disk i/o wait is in the 70 to 80% range.

Any ideas of what could be degrading disk performance so ?

[root@ebiz1 ~]# df -k
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
71609640 50967164 16946248 76% /
/dev/mapper/VolGroup01-LogVol03
721077416 35042564 649406168 6% /u01
/dev/hdc1 101086 11871 83996 13% /boot
tmpfs 1545640 0 1545640 0% /dev/shm



[root@ebiz1 ~]# sar 5 5

Linux 2.6.18-128.el5 (ebiz1.northgate-is.com) 08/04/2009

04:34:08 PM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle

04:34:13 PM all 3.46 0.00 14.17 61.18 0.00 21.2 0

04:34:18 PM all 3.23 0.00 19.40 60.12 0.00 17.2 5

04:34:23 PM all 2.11 0.00 14.08 80.75 0.00 3.0 5

04:34:28 PM all 1.14 0.00 12.31 86.55 0.00 0.0 0

04:34:33 PM all 5.99 0.00 19.98 74.03 0.00 0.00

Average: all 3.14 0.00 15.90 72.60 0.00 8.36

[root@ebiz1 ~]# vmstat -d
disk- ------------reads------------ ------------writes----------- -----IO------
total merged sectors ms total merged sectors ms cur sec
ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
hdc 55278 62611 12423468 14122068 284273 127680 3329180 44306342 0 9170
hdd 22246 4615 999212 777089 86526 6531679 52845920 1606956424 0 12056
dm-0 116332 0 12419066 35397657 416117 0 3328936 339026889 0 9169
dm-1 113 0 904 2199 29 0 232 22845 0 3
hda 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
md0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
dm-2 25977 0 997514 1013661 6620817 0 52966536 357126262 15 12053
 

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vgchgid(1M)															       vgchgid(1M)

NAME
vgchgid - modify the Volume Group ID (VGID) on a given set of physical devices SYNOPSIS
PhysicalVolumePath [PhysicalVolumePath] ... DESCRIPTION
The command is designed to change the LVM Volume Group ID (VGID) on a supplied set of disks. will work with any type of storage, but it is primarily targeted at disk arrays that are able to create "snapshots" or "clones" of mirrored LUNs. accepts a set of raw physical devices and ensures that they all belong to the same volume group, before altering the VGID (see section). The same VGID is set on all the disks and it should be noted that in cases of multi-PV volume groups, all the physical volumes should be supplied in a single invocation of the command. Options recognizes the following options and arguments: PhysicalVolumePath The raw devices path name of a physical volume. Background Some storage subsystems have a feature which allows a user to split off a set of mirror copies of physical storage (termed or just as LVM splits off logical volumes with the command. As the result of the "split," the split-off devices will have the same VGID as the original disks. is needed to modify the VGID on the BCV devices. Once the VGID has been altered, the BCV disks can be imported into a new volume group by using WARNINGS
Once the VGID has been changed, the original VGID is lost until a disk device is re-mirrored with the original devices. If is used on a subset of disk devices (for example, two out of four disk devices), the two groups of disk devices would not be able to be imported into the same volume group since they have different VGIDs on them. The solution is to re-mirror all four of the disk devices and re-run on all four BCV devices at the same time, and then use to import them into the same new volume group. If a disk is newly added to an existing volume group and no subsequent LVM operations has been performed to alter the structures (in other words, operations which perform an automated vgcfgbackup(1M)); then it is possible a subsequent will fail. It will report that the disk does not belong to the volume group. This may be overcome by performing a structure changing operation on the volume group (for example, using It is the system administrator's responsibility to make sure that the devices provided in the command line are all Business Copy volumes of the existing standard physical volumes and are in the ready state and writable. Mixing the standard and BC volumes in the same volume group can cause data corruption. RETURN VALUE
returns the following values: 0 VGID was modified with no error 1 VGID was not modified EXAMPLES
An example showing how might be used: 1. The system administrator uses the following commands to create the Business Continuity (BCV or BC) copy: 1) For EMC Symmetrix disks, the commands are and 2) For XP disk array, the commands are and Three BCV disks are created. 2. Change the VGID on the BCV disks. 3. Make a new volume group using the BCV disks. This step can be skipped as the group file will be created automatically. If the file is manually created it will have different major and minor numbers (see lvm(7)). 4. Import the BCV disks into the new volume group. 5. Activate the new volume group. 6. Backup the new volume group's LVM data structure. 7. Mount the associated logical volumes. SEE ALSO
vgimport(1M), vgscan(1M), vgcfgbackup(1M). vgchgid(1M)
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