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Full Discussion: Reading a value from the configuration file
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Reading a value from the configuration file Post 302288012 by pludi on Monday 16th of February 2009 08:31:23 AM
Old 02-16-2009
The lines in text files (including any script language) are separated with a line terminator (called EOL [End Of Line] in C++ for example). But not every OS uses the same kind. DOS/Windows uses 2 characters '\r' (Control character "Carriage Return") and '\n' (Control character "Line Feed"). UNIX uses just the '\n' (Line Feed) character. MacOS uses '\r'.
Since you wrote and saved your script on Windows, the default setting of your editor probably placed the two characters '\r' and '\n' at the end of every line, instead of only '\n', which UNIX would expect. In order to get your file into a format that UNIX will understand properly you have two options:
  1. Upload your file to the UNIX server, and on the command line enter
    Code:
    # tr -d '\r' < Country_Sample.sh > Country_Sample_new.sh

    and try running the new file.
  2. Dig through your editors settings and see if it's possible to change the default line terminator from Windows style to UNIX style. (This isn't possible with Notepad or Write)

Note: The two characters Carriage Return and Line Feed come from a time long long ago, when output was still done on needle printers instead of monitors. Carriage Return told the printer to move the printer head to it's leftmost position, Line Feed told it to advance the paper feed by one line
 

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LEARN ABOUT REDHAT

ascii-xfr

ASCII-XFR(1)							Linux Users Manual						      ASCII-XFR(1)

NAME

       ascii-xfr - upload/download files using the ASCII protocol

SYNOPSIS

       ascii-xfr -s|-r [-ednv] [-l linedelay] [-c characterdelay] filename

DESCRIPTION

       Ascii-xfr  Transfers  files in ASCII mode. This means no flow control, no checksumming and no file-name negotiation. It should only be used
       if the remote system doesn't understand anything else.

       The ASCII protocol transfers files line-by-line. The EOL (End-Of-Line) character is transmitted as CRLF. When receiving, the  CR  character
       is  stripped  from the incoming file.  The Control-Z (ASCII 26) character signals End-Of-File, if option -e is specified (unless you change
       it to Cotrol-D (ASCII 4) with -d).

       Ascii-xfr reads from stdin when receiving, and sends data on stdout when sending. Some form of input or output redirection to the the modem
       device is thus needed when downloading or uploading, respectively.

OPTIONS

       -s     Send a file.

       -r     Receive a file. One of -s or -r must be present.

       -e     Send the End-Of-File character (Control-Z, ASCII 26 by default) when uploading has finished.

       -d     Use the Control-D (ASCII 4) as End-Of-File character.

       -n     Do not translate CR to CRLF and vice versa.

       -v     Verbose: show tranfer statistics on the stderr output.

       -l milliseconds
	      When transmitting, pause for this delay after each line.

       -c milliseconds
	      When transmitting, pause for this delay after each character.

       file   Name of the file to send or receive. When receiving, any existing file by this name will be truncated.

USAGE WITH MINICOM

       If  you	want to call this program from minicom(1), start minicom and go to the Options menu. Select File transfer protocols.  Add the fol-
       lowing lines, for example as protocols I and J.

       I  Ascii    /usr/bin/ascii-xfr -sv   Y	U   N	Y
       J  Ascii    /usr/bin/ascii-xfr -rv   Y	D   N	Y

AUTHOR

       Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl
       Jukka Lahtinen, walker@clinet.fi

SEE ALSO

       minicom(1)

							   $Date: 2000/11/17 15:20:28 $ 					      ASCII-XFR(1)
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