echo(1) 						      General Commands Manual							   echo(1)

NAME

       echo - Writes its arguments to standard output

SYNOPSIS

       echo [-n] [string...]

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The -n option is valid only if the environment variable CMD_ENV is set to bsd.

									  Note

       The C shell has a built-in version of the echo command.	If you are using the C shell, and want to guarantee that you are using the command
       described here, you must specify the full path /usr/bin/echo.  See the csh(1) reference page for a description of the built-in command.

STANDARDS

       Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry standards as follows:

       echo:  XCU5.0

       Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information about industry standards and associated tags.

OPTIONS

       [Tru64 UNIX]  No newline is added to the output. The -n option is valid only if the environment variable CMD_ENV is set to  bsd.  Otherwise
       any -n operand is treated as a string rather than as a option. See the printf(1) reference page for use in portable applications.

OPERANDS

       The  string  to	be  displayed  on standard output. The echo command recognizes the following special characters in the string: Displays an
       alert character.  Displays a backspace character.  Suppresses the newline character. All characters  following  c  in  the  arguments  are
       ignored.   Displays  a formfeed character.  Displays a newline character.  Displays a carriage-return character.  Displays a tab character.
       Displays a vertical tab character.  Displays a backslash character.  Displays an 8-bit character whose value is the 1-, 2- or 3-digit octal
       number, number.	The first digit of number must be a 0 (zero).

DESCRIPTION

       The echo command writes the specified string to standard output, followed by a newline character.

       The  arguments  are separated by spaces. Use the echo command to produce diagnostic messages in command files and to send data into a pipe.
       If there are no arguments, the echo command outputs a newline character.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The echo command described here is the program /usr/bin/echo.  Both csh and sh  shells  contain  built-in	echo  subcommands,
       which do not necessarily work in the same way as the /usr/bin/echo command.

EXIT STATUS

       The following exit values are returned: Successful completion.  An error occurred.

EXAMPLES

       To  write  a  message  to  standard output, enter: echo Please insert diskette . . .  To display a message containing special characters as
       listed in DESCRIPTION, enclose the message in quotes, as follows: echo "


I'm at lunch.
I'll be back at 1 p.m."

	      This skips three lines and displays the message: I'm at lunch.  I'll be back at 1 p.m.

									      Note

	      You must enclose the message in quotation marks if it contains escape sequences such as 
.  Otherwise, the shell treats	the  back-
	      slash () as an escape character.  The previous command example, entered without the quotes, results in the following output: nnnI'm
	      at lunch.nI'll be back at 1 p.m.

	      To use echo with pattern-matching characters, enter: echo The back-up files are: *.bak

	      This displays the message The back-up files are: and then displays the file names in the current directory ending with To add a sin-
	      gle line of text to a file, enter: echo Remember to set the shell search path to $PATH. >>notes

	      This  adds  the  message	to the end of the file notes after the shell substitutes the value of the PATH shell variable.	To write a
	      message to the standard error output (sh only), enter: echo Error: file already exists. >&2

	      Use this in shell procedures to write error messages.  If the >&2 is omitted, then the message is written to the standard output.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       The following environment variables affect the execution of echo: [Tru64 UNIX]  This variable must set to bsd  for  the	-n  option  to	be
       valid.	Otherwise  any -n operand is treated as a string member.  Provides a default value for the internationalization variables that are
       unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from the default locale is used.  If any of the internationalization vari-
       ables  contain  an  invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the variables had been defined.  If set to a non-empty string value,
       overrides the values of all the other internationalization variables.  Determines the locale for the interpretation of sequences  of  bytes
       of  text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multibyte characters in arguments).	Determines the locale for the for-
       mat and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.  Determines the location of message catalogues  for  the  processing	of
       LC_MESSAGES.

SEE ALSO

       Commands:  csh(1), ksh(1), printf(1), Bourne shell sh(1b), POSIX shell sh(1p)

       Environment:  environ(5)

       Standards:  standards(5)

																	   echo(1)