09-20-2006
I had assumed you already knew about the program for launching a process with a reduced priority since you were already using the term 'nice'. That's what the program for that is called -- 'nice'.
Nice one process, and it's children will also run at that priority level.
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nice(2) System Calls nice(2)
NAME
nice - change priority of a process
SYNOPSIS
#include <unistd.h>
int nice(int incr);
DESCRIPTION
The nice() function allows a process to change its priority. The invoking process must be in a scheduling class that supports the nice().
The nice() function adds the value of incr to the nice value of the calling process. A process's nice value is a non-negative number for
which a greater positive value results in lower CPU priority.
A maximum nice value of (2 * NZERO) -1 and a minimum nice value of 0 are imposed by the system. NZERO is defined in <limits.h> with a
default value of 20. Requests for values above or below these limits result in the nice value being set to the corresponding limit. A nice
value of 40 is treated as 39.
Calling the nice() function has no effect on the priority of processes or threads with policy SCHED_FIFO or SCHED_RR.
Only a process with the {PRIV_PROC_PRIOCNTL} privilege can lower the nice value.
RETURN VALUES
Upon successful completion, nice() returns the new nice value minus NZERO. Otherwise, -1 is returned, the process's nice value is not
changed, and errno is set to indicate the error.
ERRORS
The nice() function will fail if:
EINVAL The nice() function is called by a process in a scheduling class other than time-sharing or fixed-priority.
EPERM The incr argument is negative or greater than 40 and the {PRIV_PROC_PRIOCNTL} privilege is not asserted in the effective set of
the calling process.
USAGE
The priocntl(2) function is a more general interface to scheduler functions.
Since -1 is a permissible return value in a successful situation, an application wishing to check for error situations should set errno to
0, then call nice(), and if it returns -1, check to see if errno is non-zero.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|Interface Stability |Standard |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|MT-Level |Async-Signal-Safe |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
SEE ALSO
nice(1), exec(2), priocntl(2), getpriority(3C), attributes(5), privileges(5), standards(5)
SunOS 5.10 1 Apr 2004 nice(2)