03-27-2006
excluding directories in tar
In a bash script I am writing I am having a problem excluding selected directories from tar.
From the machine $SERVER I issue the command
#start netcat on storage server
gnetcat -l -vv -p 2011 >$FILEPATH/$SHORT_NAME.$today.tar &
The the following command is then sent to the $CLIENT.
#start backup sequence
ssh $CLIENT sudo tar cvvf - / --exclude /{db,dev,lost+found,proc} | gnetcat -w 2 -c $SERVER 2011
This has always worked ok and I am able to successfully pipe the output of tar to gnetcat and on to the storage server $SERVER. The directories db, dev, lost+found and proc are excluded from the tar as desired.
A problem shows up when I use find -mtime to try and limit the tar to only files changed in the last n days.
ssh $CLIENT sudo find / -mtime -3 -type -f | ssh $CLIENT sudo tar cvvf - / --exclude /{db,dev,lost+found,proc} |gnetcat -w 2 $SERVER 2011
Tar ignores the --exclude list and recurses through the excluded directories including files found in them. I am trying to update only files changed in the last 3 days and exclude any files in the db, dev, lost+found and proc directories.
I could use some help understanding what I am doing wrong here.
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TAR(1) General Commands Manual TAR(1)
NAME
tar - archiver
SYNOPSIS
tar key [ file ... ]
DESCRIPTION
Tar saves and restores file trees. It is most often used to transport a tree of files from one system to another. The key is a string
that contains at most one function letter plus optional modifiers. Other arguments to the command are names of files or directories to be
dumped or restored. A directory name implies all the contained files and subdirectories (recursively).
The function is one of the following letters:
c Create a new archive with the given files as contents.
x Extract the named files from the archive. If a file is a directory, the directory is extracted recursively. Modes are restored if
possible. If no file argument is given, extract the entire archive. If the archive contains multiple entries for a file, the lat-
est one wins.
t List all occurrences of each file in the archive, or of all files if there are no file arguments.
r The named files are appended to the archive.
The modifiers are:
v (verbose) Print the name of each file treated preceded by the function letter. With t, give more details about the archive entries.
f Use the next argument as the name of the archive instead of the default standard input (for keys x and t) or standard output (for
keys c and r).
u Use the next (numeric) argument as the user id for files in the output archive. This is only useful when moving files to a non-Plan
9 system.
g Use the next (numeric) argument as the group id for files in the output archive.
EXAMPLES
Tar can be used to copy hierarchies thus:
{cd fromdir; tar c .} | {cd todir; tar x}
SOURCE
/sys/src/cmd/tar.c
SEE ALSO
ar(1), bundle(1), tapefs(1)
BUGS
There is no way to ask for any but the last occurrence of a file.
File path names are limited to 100 characters.
The tar format allows specification of links and symbolic links, concepts foreign to Plan 9: they are ignored.
TAR(1)