UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers

[oracle@localhost ~]$ su root
Password: 
bash: root/.bashrc: Permission denied

bash-3.2$ su - root
Password: 
su: warning: cannot change directory to root: Permission denied
-bash: root/.bash_profile: Permission denied
-bash-3.2$ 
-bash-3.2$ pwd
/home/oracle
-bash-3.2$ echo $HOME
root
-bash-3.2$ cd $HOME
-bash: cd: root: Permission denied
-bash-3.2$

-bash-3.2$ who am i
oracle   pts/5        2010-04-22 08:50 (10.10.6.71)
-bash-3.2$ whoami
root
-bash-3.2$

-bash-3.2$ ls -ld /root

[root@localhost etc]$ cat passwd
root:x:503:0:root:root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:13:news:/etc/news:
uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin
rpc:x:32:32:Portmapper RPC user:/:/sbin/nologin
mailnull:x:47:47::/var/spool/mqueue:/sbin/nologin
smmsp:x:51:51::/var/spool/mqueue:/sbin/nologin
amanda:x:33:6:Amanda user:/var/lib/amanda:/bin/bash
apache:x:48:48:Apache:/var/www:/sbin/nologin
pcap:x:77:77::/var/arpwatch:/sbin/nologin
oprofile:x:16:16:Special user account to be used by OProfile:/home/oprofile:/sbin/nologin
uuidd:x:100:101:UUID generator helper daemon:/var/lib/libuuid:/sbin/nologin
ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
ident:x:98:98::/:/sbin/nologin
named:x:25:25:Named:/var/named:/sbin/nologin
rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
nfsnobody:x:4294967294:4294967294:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
xfs:x:43:43:X Font Server:/etc/X11/fs:/sbin/nologin
haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
avahi-autoipd:x:101:106:avahi-autoipd:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/sbin/nologin
pegasus:x:66:65:tog-pegasus OpenPegasus WBEM/CIM services:/var/lib/Pegasus:/sbin/nologin
gdm:x:42:42::/var/gdm:/sbin/nologin
oracle:x:500:501::/home/oracle:/bin/bash
sabayon:x:86:86:Sabayon user:/home/sabayon:/sbin/nologin
fuat:x:501:502:fuat sungur:/home/fuat:/bin/bash
root:x:503:0:admin:/home/admin:/bin/bash
linuxata:x:504:504:türker ata:/home/linuxata:/bin/bash
[root@localhost etc]$

[root@localhost etc]$ cat group
root:x:503:root,linuxata
bin:x:1:bin,daemon
daemon:x:2:bin,daemon
sys:x:3:bin,adm
adm:x:4:adm,daemon
tty:x:5:
disk:x:6:
lp:x:7:daemon,lp
mem:x:8:
kmem:x:9:
wheel:x:10:
mail:x:12:mail
news:x:13:news
uucp:x:14:uucp
man:x:15:
games:x:20:
gopher:x:30:
dip:x:40:
ftp:x:50:
lock:x:54:
nobody:x:99:
users:x:100:
audio:x:63:gdm
utmp:x:22:
nscd:x:28:
utempter:x:35:
floppy:x:19:
vcsa:x:69:
rpc:x:32:
mailnull:x:47:
smmsp:x:51:
apache:x:48:
pcap:x:77:
oprofile:x:16:
screen:x:84:
uuidd:x:101:
slocate:x:21:
ntp:x:38:
pkcs11:x:102:
ident:x:98:
named:x:25:
rpcuser:x:29:
nfsnobody:x:4294967294:
sshd:x:74:
fuse:x:103:
stapdev:x:104:
stapusr:x:105:
dbus:x:81:
avahi:x:70:
xfs:x:43:
haldaemon:x:68:
avahi-autoipd:x:106:
pegasus:x:65:
gdm:x:42:
dba:x:500:oracle
oinstall:x:501:
sabayon:x:86:
fuat:x:502:
root:x:503:root
linuxata:x:504:
[root@localhost etc]$

"passwd" 
"passwd" E212: Can't open file for writing
Press ENTER or type command to continue

-bash-3.2$ pwd
/etc
-bash-3.2$ ls -la shadow
-r-------- 1 0 0 1390 Apr 21 09:05 shadow
-bash-3.2$