10 More Discussions You Might Find Interesting
1. Shell Programming and Scripting
OSX 10.9
Good morning/afternoon/evening.
I'm hoping to get some insight on assigning a variable when calling a function. The code below looks at my array and checks if the path exists. My actual code will have multiple arrays and I would like to define a specific array when I call the... (6 Replies)
Discussion started by: sudo
6 Replies
2. Shell Programming and Scripting
I'm converting decimal to integer with bc, and I'd like to assign the integer output from bc to a variable 'val'.
E.g. In the code below: If b is 5000.000, lines 6 and 8 will output:
5000
(5000.000+0.5)/1 | bc
I'd like val to take the value 5000 though, rather than 5000.000
Does someone... (3 Replies)
Discussion started by: pina
3 Replies
3. Shell Programming and Scripting
I have a script whose contents are as below
result= awk 's=100 END {print s }'
echo "The result is" $result
The desired output is
The result is 100
My script is running without exiting and i am also not getting the desired output.
Please help (5 Replies)
Discussion started by: bk_12345
5 Replies
4. Shell Programming and Scripting
Hi All,
I am trying to convert the below Csh code into Perl.
But i have the following error.
Can any expert help ?
Error:
ls: *tac: No such file or directory
Csh
set $ST_file = `ls -rt *$testid*st*|tail -1`;
Perl
my $ST_file = `ls -rt *$testid*st*|tail -1`; (10 Replies)
Discussion started by: Raynon
10 Replies
5. Shell Programming and Scripting
When I run time -p <command>, it outputs:
real X.XX
user X.XX
sys X.XXwhere X.XX is seconds. How I can take just that first number output, the seconds of real time, and assign that to a variable? (9 Replies)
Discussion started by: jeriryan87
9 Replies
6. Shell Programming and Scripting
I am new to unix shell scripting.
I was trying to convert each lines in a file to upper case.
I know how to convert the whole file.
But here i have to do line by line.
I am getting it in the below mentioned script
#!/bin/bash
#converting lower to upper in a file
#tr "" "" <file1... (3 Replies)
Discussion started by: jpmena
3 Replies
7. Shell Programming and Scripting
hi,
I want to assign find command result into some temporary variable:
jarPath= find /opt/lotus/notes/ -name $jarFile
cho "the jar path $jarPath"
where jarPath is temporary variable.
Can anybody help on this.
Thanks in advance
----Sankar (6 Replies)
Discussion started by: sankar reddy
6 Replies
8. Shell Programming and Scripting
Hello friends,
I doing the follwing script , but found problem to store it to a shell variable.
#! /bin/sh
for temp in `find ./dat/vector/ -name '*.file'`
do
echo $temp
nawk -v temp=$temp 'BEGIN{ split(temp, a,"\/"); print a}'
done
output:
./dat/vector/drf_all_002.file... (6 Replies)
Discussion started by: user_prady
6 Replies
9. Shell Programming and Scripting
I have the sql file cde.sql with the below contents:
abcdefghij
abcwhendefothers
sdfghj
when no one else
when others
wwhen%others
exception when others
Now I want to search for the strings containing when others together and ceck whether that does not occur more than once in the... (2 Replies)
Discussion started by: kprattip
2 Replies
10. Shell Programming and Scripting
Hi,
I'm trying to assign the output of a command to a variable and then concat it with another string, however, it keeps overwriting the original string instead of adding on to the end of the string.
Contents of test.txt --> This is a test
var1="`head -n 1 test.txt`"
echo $var1 (This is a... (5 Replies)
Discussion started by: oma04
5 Replies
SED(1) BSD General Commands Manual SED(1)
NAME
sed -- stream editor
SYNOPSIS
sed [-aEnr] command [file ...]
sed [-aEnr] [-e command] [-f command_file] [file ...]
DESCRIPTION
The sed utility reads the specified files, or the standard input if no files are specified, modifying the input as specified by a list of
commands. The input is then written to the standard output.
A single command may be specified as the first argument to sed. Multiple commands may be specified by using the -e or -f options. All com-
mands are applied to the input in the order they are specified regardless of their origin.
The following options are available:
-a The files listed as parameters for the ``w'' functions are created (or truncated) before any processing begins, by default. The -a
option causes sed to delay opening each file until a command containing the related ``w'' function is applied to a line of input.
-E Enables the use of extended regular expressions instead of the usual basic regular expression syntax.
-e command
Append the editing commands specified by the command argument to the list of commands.
-f command_file
Append the editing commands found in the file command_file to the list of commands. The editing commands should each be listed on a
separate line.
-n By default, each line of input is echoed to the standard output after all of the commands have been applied to it. The -n option
suppresses this behavior.
-r Identical to -E, present for compatibility with GNU sed.
The form of a sed command is as follows:
[address[,address]]function[arguments]
Whitespace may be inserted before the first address and the function portions of the command.
Normally, sed cyclically copies a line of input, not including its terminating newline character, into a pattern space, (unless there is
something left after a ``D'' function), applies all of the commands with addresses that select that pattern space, copies the pattern space
to the standard output, appending a newline, and deletes the pattern space.
Some of the functions use a hold space to save all or part of the pattern space for subsequent retrieval.
SED ADDRESSES
An address is not required, but if specified must be a number (that counts input lines cumulatively across input files), a dollar (``$'')
character that addresses the last line of input, or a context address (which consists of a regular expression preceded and followed by a
delimiter).
A command line with no addresses selects every pattern space.
A command line with one address selects all of the pattern spaces that match the address.
A command line with two addresses selects the inclusive range from the first pattern space that matches the first address through the next
pattern space that matches the second. (If the second address is a number less than or equal to the line number first selected, only that
line is selected.) Starting at the first line following the selected range, sed starts looking again for the first address.
Editing commands can be applied to non-selected pattern spaces by use of the exclamation character (``!'') function.
SED REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
The sed regular expressions are basic regular expressions (BRE's, see re_format(7) for more information). In addition, sed has the following
two additions to BRE's:
1. In a context address, any character other than a backslash (``'') or newline character may be used to delimit the regular expression by
prefixing the first use of that delimiter with a backslash. Also, putting a backslash character before the delimiting character causes
the character to be treated literally. For example, in the context address xabcxdefx, the RE delimiter is an ``x'' and the second
``x'' stands for itself, so that the regular expression is ``abcxdef''.
2. The escape sequence
matches a newline character embedded in the pattern space. You can't, however, use a literal newline character
in an address or in the substitute command.
One special feature of sed regular expressions is that they can default to the last regular expression used. If a regular expression is
empty, i.e. just the delimiter characters are specified, the last regular expression encountered is used instead. The last regular expres-
sion is defined as the last regular expression used as part of an address or substitute command, and at run-time, not compile-time. For
example, the command ``/abc/s//XXX/'' will substitute ``XXX'' for the pattern ``abc''.
SED FUNCTIONS
In the following list of commands, the maximum number of permissible addresses for each command is indicated by [0addr], [1addr], or [2addr],
representing zero, one, or two addresses.
The argument text consists of one or more lines. To embed a newline in the text, precede it with a backslash. Other backslashes in text are
deleted and the following character taken literally.
The ``r'' and ``w'' functions take an optional file parameter, which should be separated from the function letter by white space. Each file
given as an argument to sed is created (or its contents truncated) before any input processing begins.
The ``b'', ``r'', ``s'', ``t'', ``w'', ``y'', ``!'', and ``:'' functions all accept additional arguments. The following synopses indicate
which arguments have to be separated from the function letters by white space characters.
Two of the functions take a function-list. This is a list of sed functions separated by newlines, as follows:
{ function
function
...
function
}
The ``{'' can be preceded by white space and can be followed by white space. The function can be preceded by white space. The terminating
``}'' must be preceded by a newline (and optionally white space).
[2addr] function-list
Execute function-list only when the pattern space is selected.
[1addr]a
text
Write text to standard output immediately before each attempt to read a line of input, whether by executing the ``N'' function or by
beginning a new cycle.
[2addr]b[label]
Branch to the ``:'' function with the specified label. If the label is not specified, branch to the end of the script.
[2addr]c
text
Delete the pattern space. With 0 or 1 address or at the end of a 2-address range, text is written to the standard output. Start the
next cycle.
[2addr]d
Delete the pattern space and start the next cycle.
[2addr]D
Delete the initial segment of the pattern space through the first newline character and start the next cycle.
[2addr]g
Replace the contents of the pattern space with the contents of the hold space.
[2addr]G
Append a newline character followed by the contents of the hold space to the pattern space.
[2addr]h
Replace the contents of the hold space with the contents of the pattern space.
[2addr]H
Append a newline character followed by the contents of the pattern space to the hold space.
[1addr]i
text
Write text to the standard output.
[2addr]l
(The letter ell.) Write the pattern space to the standard output in a visually unambiguous form. This form is as follows:
backslash \
alert a
form-feed f
newline
carriage-return
tab
vertical tab v
Nonprintable characters are written as three-digit octal numbers (with a preceding backslash) for each byte in the character (most
significant byte first). Long lines are folded, with the point of folding indicated by displaying a backslash followed by a newline.
The end of each line is marked with a ``$''.
[2addr]n
Write the pattern space to the standard output if the default output has not been suppressed, and replace the pattern space with the
next line of input. (Does not begin a new cycle.)
[2addr]N
Append the next line of input to the pattern space, using an embedded newline character to separate the appended material from the
original contents. Note that the current line number changes.
[2addr]p
Write the pattern space to standard output.
[2addr]P
Write the pattern space, up to the first newline character to the standard output.
[1addr]q
Branch to the end of the script and quit without starting a new cycle.
[1addr]r file
Copy the contents of file to the standard output immediately before the next attempt to read a line of input. If file cannot be read
for any reason, it is silently ignored and no error condition is set.
[2addr]s/regular expression/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for the first instance of the regular expression in the pattern space. Any character other than
backslash or newline can be used instead of a slash to delimit the RE and the replacement. Within the RE and the replacement, the RE
delimiter itself can be used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash.
An ampersand (``&'') appearing in the replacement is replaced by the string matching the RE. The special meaning of ``&'' in this
context can be suppressed by preceding it by a backslash. The string ``#'', where ``#'' is a digit, is replaced by the text matched
by the corresponding backreference expression (see re_format(7)).
A line can be split by substituting a newline character into it. To specify a newline character in the replacement string, precede
it with a backslash.
The value of flags in the substitute function is zero or more of the following:
0 ... 9
Make the substitution only for the N'th occurrence of the regular expression in the pattern space.
g Make the substitution for all non-overlapping matches of the regular expression, not just the first one.
p Write the pattern space to standard output if a replacement was made. If the replacement string is identical to that
which it replaces, it is still considered to have been a replacement.
w file Append the pattern space to file if a replacement was made. If the replacement string is identical to that which it
replaces, it is still considered to have been a replacement.
[2addr]t [label]
Branch to the ``:'' function bearing the label if any substitutions have been made since the most recent reading of an input line or
execution of a ``t'' function. If no label is specified, branch to the end of the script.
[2addr]w file
Append the pattern space to the file.
[2addr]x
Swap the contents of the pattern and hold spaces.
[2addr]y/string1/string2/
Replace all occurrences of characters in string1 in the pattern space with the corresponding characters from string2. Any character
other than a backslash or newline can be used instead of a slash to delimit the strings. Within string1 and string2, a backslash
followed by any character other than a newline is that literal character, and a backslash followed by an ``n'' is replaced by a new-
line character.
[2addr]!function
[2addr]!function-list
Apply the function or function-list only to the lines that are not selected by the address(es).
[0addr]:label
This function does nothing; it bears a label to which the ``b'' and ``t'' commands may branch.
[1addr]=
Write the line number to the standard output followed by a newline character.
[0addr]
Empty lines are ignored.
[0addr]#
The ``#'' and the remainder of the line are ignored (treated as a comment), with the single exception that if the first two charac-
ters in the file are ``#n'', the default output is suppressed. This is the same as specifying the -n option on the command line.
The sed utility exits 0 on success and >0 if an error occurs.
SEE ALSO
awk(1), ed(1), grep(1), regex(3), re_format(7)
STANDARDS
The sed function is expected to be a superset of the IEEE Std 1003.2 (``POSIX.2'') specification.
HISTORY
A sed command appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.
BSD
March 17, 2013 BSD