I played with it a little bit to get the hang of it.
I hit a roadblock as soon as I replaced "1 2 3 4 5" in the nested for loop with "animals fruits drinks cities countries". I tried it in 2 ways but got the same result in both attempts. I also tried putting
Code:
typeset array[animals]="dog cat horse penguin cow"
typeset array[fruits]="orange apple grapes peach mango"
typeset array[drinks]="juice milk coffee tea coke"
typeset array[cities]="toronto paris london glasgow sydney"
typeset array[countries]="canada france england scotland australia"
all=(animals fruits drinks cities countries)
typeset -i i=1
typeset -i j=1
printf 'Output 1\n\n';
# display column-wise
for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
for j in animals fruits drinks cities countries; do
echo "${array[${j}]}" | cut -d' ' -f $i
done
done
printf '\n\nOutput 2\n\n';
# display column-wise
for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
for j in "${all[@]}" ; do
echo "${array[${j}]}" | cut -d' ' -f $i
done
done
Code:
abc@xyz$ ./typeset.sh
Output 1
canada
canada
canada
canada
canada
france
france
france
france
france
england
england
england
england
england
scotland
scotland
scotland
scotland
scotland
australia
australia
australia
australia
australia
Output 2
canada
canada
canada
canada
canada
france
france
france
france
france
england
england
england
england
england
scotland
scotland
scotland
scotland
scotland
australia
australia
australia
australia
australia
I had also tried the following and still got the same results:
Code:
typeset array['animals']="dog cat horse penguin cow"
typeset array['fruits']="orange apple grapes peach mango"
typeset array['drinks']="juice milk coffee tea coke"
typeset array['cities']="toronto paris london glasgow sydney"
typeset array['countries']="canada france england scotland australia"
all=('animals' 'fruits' 'drinks' 'cities' 'countries')
At least this alternative works just fine:
Code:
typeset array[1]="dog cat horse penguin cow"
typeset array[2]="orange apple grapes peach mango"
typeset array[3]="juice milk coffee tea coke"
typeset array[4]="toronto paris london glasgow sydney"
typeset array[5]="canada france england scotland australia"
all=(1 2 3 4 5)
# display column-wise
for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
for j in "${all[@]}"; do
echo "${array[$j]}" | cut -d' ' -f $i
done
done
abc@xyz$ ./typeset.sh
dog
orange
juice
toronto
canada
cat
apple
milk
paris
france
horse
grapes
coffee
london
england
penguin
peach
tea
glasgow
scotland
cow
mango
coke
sydney
australia
Is there a way to make it work with all=(animals fruits drinks cities countries) ?
I hit a roadblock as soon as I replaced "1 2 3 4 5" in the nested for loop with "animals fruits drinks cities countries".
I hate to say it, but: this was to be expected. What you tried was a so-called "associative array". This is an array where the index is not numbers but (arbitrary) strings. There some programming languages which offer this kind of arrays (awk, for instance), but not bash. You can use ksh93 (Korn shell in its '93 version), which does offer such a functionality, but not bash or ksh88.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Kingzy
Is there a way to make it work with all=(animals fruits drinks cities countries) ?
Lets see. I warn you beforehand, this is more a workaround, not really a solution. Consider the following sample script:
Code:
#! /bin/bash
typeset -i animals=1
typeset -i fruits=2
typeset -i drinks=3
typeset -i cities=4
typeset -i countries=5
typeset all=($animals $fruits $drinks $cities $countries)
typeset arr[$animals]="dog cat horse penguin cow"
typeset arr[$fruits]="orange apple grapes peach mango"
typeset arr[$drinks]="juice milk coffee tea coke"
typeset arr[$cities]="toronto paris london glasgow sydney"
typeset arr[$countries]="canada france england scotland australia"
for i in ${all[@]} ; do
for j in 1 2 3 4 5 ; do
echo ${i}:${j} $(echo ${arr[$i]} | cut -d' ' -f$j)
done
done
exit 0
I hate to say it, but: this was to be expected. What you tried was a so-called "associative array". This is an array where the index is not numbers but (arbitrary) strings. There some programming languages which offer this kind of arrays (awk, for instance), but not bash.
.
.
.
As much as I hate to say it: ever since version 4 (which the OP seems to run), bash HAS associative arrays:
man bash:
Quote:
Arrays
Bash provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables.
.
.
.
Associative arrays are created using declare -A name.
You need to declare / typeset them correctly, though ...
Code:
typeset -A arr=([animals]="dog cat horse penguin cow" [fruits]="orange apple grapes peach mango" [drinks]="juice milk coffee tea coke" [cities]="toronto paris london glasgow sydney" [countries]="canada france england scotland australia")
for i in ${!arr[@]}
do echo $i
TMP=(${arr[$i]})
for j in ${!TMP[@]}
do echo " " ${TMP[$j]}
done
done
animals
dog
cat
horse
penguin
cow
drinks
juice
milk
coffee
tea
coke
fruits
orange
apple
grapes
peach
mango
countries
canada
france
england
scotland
australia
cities
toronto
paris
london
glasgow
sydney
I've been spending some time trying to have a column-wise output, as opposed to row-wise as in your example, but most importantly target specific items in each "array" as well. All while typesetting everything the way you did. Here is what I came up with:
Code:
typeset -A arr=(
[animals]="dog cat horse penguin cow"
[fruits]="orange apple grapes peach mango"
[drinks]="juice milk coffee tea coke"
[cities]="toronto paris london glasgow sydney"
[countries]="canada france england scotland australia"
)
declare all=(animals fruits drinks cities countries)
j=0
k=2
for i in ${!arr[@]}
do
TMP=(${arr[$i]})
echo ${all[j]} " -> " ${TMP[k]}
(( j++ ))
done
Here I hardcoded k but I do have a way in my actual script to increment it. As per the output below, I am getting the 2nd item of each array as expected but their order is somehow incorrect
Code:
abc@xyz$ ./loop.sh
animals -> coffee
fruits -> grapes
drinks -> london
cities -> horse
countries -> england
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