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Try:awk '{gsub("[^a-zA-Z]ISA[^a-zA-Z]","\n&")}1' fileandawk '{sub("^[^a-zA-Z]ISA","ISA")}1' file

nawk '/^ISA/ {f=1;close(file);file="file"++c}f{print > file} /^IEA/{f--}' myHugeFile

I'm not sure I understand what you mean there... or what exactly is the logic of extraction, but let me try:

Your input seems to have fields separated by '~'. awk does the processing line-by-line,...

Glad it worked.
c109 is always alphanumeric, because its a hex code of the character (the whole file 'hexfile' that awk filters is made of hex codes).

So you wanna get char109 from original file...

Sounds like a fun project :)

Let's break it up:
1. convert to hex
2. store character 106 and 107
3. in hex format replace all char106's to '0a' if char107 is 'G'
4. convert hex back to ascii
...

Yes. You could dump everything I wrote into a text file named script.awk (name unimportant), then run awk on that file in your ksh script with awk -f script.awk datafile

Or you could embed the...

How about this: #!/bin/awk -f
# This section gets run only once, before anything's read.
# using it for variable setup.
BEGIN {
# Don't have to check what the delimiter is, just split on...

foo | grep | cut | sed | really | long | pipe | chain is never efficient, and you're doing this on almost every line. You've also got a lot of useless use of backticks...

This should work:perl -p0e 's/[^[:print:]]/\n/g' file

So you want to replace all the "hex 1C" characters with newline in your file? Or any non-printable character?

As far as I know \W matches all non-alphanumeric characters, including non-ASCII and non-printable ones.

Try:perl -p0e 's/ISA[\W_]/\n$&/g' file