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grep -o "CONF[^ ]*" x

You could redirect the output of awk program to a tmp file and rename it back to original.
awk ... > /tmp/$$; mv /tmp/$$ /tmp/hosts

Try using awk:
awk -F= 'NR==FNR{I[$1];next}$2 in I{v=$2;getline;print v,$2}' /tmp/hosts /tmp/1