IP(3)							     Library Functions Manual							     IP(3)

NAME

       ip - TCP, UDP, IL network protocols over IP

SYNOPSIS

       bind -a #Itcp /net
       bind -a #Iudp /net
       bind -a #Iil /net

       /net/tcp/clone
       /net/tcp/n
       /net/tcp/n/data
       /net/tcp/n/ctl
       /net/tcp/n/local
       /net/tcp/n/remote
       /net/tcp/n/status
       /net/tcp/n/listen
       ...

DESCRIPTION

       The IP device provides the interface for several protocols that run over IP on an Ethernet.  TCP and UDP provide the standard Internet pro-
       tocols for reliable stream and unreliable datagram communication.  IL provides a reliable datagram service for communication between Plan 9
       machines.  IL is the protocol of choice for most Plan 9 services.

       Each  of  the  protocols is served by the IP device, which represents each connection by a set of device files.	The top level directory of
       each protocol contains a clone file and subdirectories numbered from zero to the number of connections configured for this protocol.

       Opening the clone file reserves a connection.  The file descriptor returned from the open(2) will point to the control file,  ctl,  of  the
       newly allocated connection.  Reading the ctl file returns a text string representing the number of the connection.  Connections may be used
       either to listen for incoming calls or to initiate calls to other machines.

       A connection is controlled by writing text strings to the associated ctl file.  After a connection has been established data  may  be  read
       from  and  written  to  the  data file.	For the datagram services, IL and UDP, a read of less than the length of a datagram will cause the
       entire datagram to be consumed.	Each write to the data file will send a single datagram on the	network.   The	TCP  protocol  provides  a
       stream connection that does not preserve read/write boundaries.

       Prior  to  sending data, remote and local addresses must be set for the connection.  For outgoing calls the local port number will be allo-
       cated randomly if none is set.  Addresses are set by writing control messages to the ctl file of the connection.   The  connection  is  not
       established  until  the	data file is opened.  For IL and TCP the process will block until the remote host has acknowledged the connection.
       UDP opens always succeed.

       The following control messages are supported:

       connect ipaddress!port[!r]
	      Set the remote IP address and port number for the connection.  If the r flag is supplied and no local address has been specified the
	      system  will  allocate a restricted port number (less than 1024) for the connection to allow communication with Unix machines' login
	      and exec services.

       disconnect
	      (UDP only) Clear the remote address of a UDP connection.

       announce X
	      X is a decimal port number or Set the local port number to X and accept calls to X.  If X is accept  calls  for  any  port  that	no
	      process  has  explicitly	announced.   The local IP address cannot be set.  Announce fails if the connection is already announced or
	      connnected.

       bind X X is a decimal port number or Set the local port number to X.  This exists to support library emulation of BSD sockets  and  is  not
	      otherwise used.

       backlog n
	      (IL and TCP only) Set the maximum number of pending requests for a given service to n.  By default n is set to five.  If more than n
	      connections are pending, further requests for a service will be rejected.

       Port numbers must be in the range 1 to 32767.  If a local port has not been announced prior to a connect a local port number will be  allo-
       cated automatically.  Local ports are allocated from 5000 up.

       Several	files  report  the  status  of a connection.  The remote and local files contain the IP address and port number for the remote and
       local side of the connection.  The status file contains protocol-dependent information to help debug network connections.

       A process may accept incoming connections by calling open on the listen file.  The open will block until a new connection request  arrives.
       Then  open  will  return  an  open  file descriptor which points to the control file of the newly accepted connection.  This procedure will
       accept all calls for the given protocol.

SEE ALSO

       listen(8), dial(2), ndb(6)

SOURCE

       /sys/src/9/port/devip.c
       /sys/src/9/port/stil.c
       /sys/src/9/port/stip.c
       /sys/src/9/port/tcp*.c

																	     IP(3)