Windows Buffering during playing Post: 34902

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Special Forums Windows & DOS: Issues & Discussions Windows Buffering during playing Post 34902 by Perderabo on Thursday 20th of March 2003 11:06:16 AM

03-20-2003

Administrator Emeritus

A few comments here... Streaming audio is not file oriented. You can't wait for the entire file to download. This is used, for example, by radio stations to "transmit" over the internet.

And playing software doesn't buffer as much as it can...it will typically buffer a few seconds worth. It could buffer minutes or hours worth, but that kind of delay would be annoying. I'm not thrilled with the 10 second delay I now have.

Last night I tried listening to some internet radio on my laptop via a 56k dialup. I connected at a real speed of 44kb and it was adequate provided that I didn't do anything else over the internet. 96kb divided among 25 users is not going to be enough bandwidth.

Some of the websites of some internet radio stations claimed that they could deliver a good signal even with a 28kb dialup. I could find no claim that less bandwidth might work.

I had better luck with internet radio stations on my continent. A couple of times European stations drained my buffer. I am guessing that this related to Internet congestion rather far from my laptop, but I have no way to prove that.

I would rather listen to my stereo anyway.

Perderabo

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LEARN ABOUT NETBSD

tftp-proxy

TFTP-PROXY(8)						    BSD System Manager's Manual 					     TFTP-PROXY(8)

NAME

     tftp-proxy -- Internet Trivial File Transfer Protocol proxy

SYNOPSIS

     tftp-proxy [-v] [-w transwait]

DESCRIPTION

     tftp-proxy is a proxy for the Internet Trivial File Transfer Protocol invoked by the inetd(8) internet server.  TFTP connections should be
     redirected to the proxy using the pf(4) rdr command, after which the proxy connects to the server on behalf of the client.

     The proxy establishes a pf(4) rdr rule using the anchor facility to rewrite packets between the client and the server.  Once the rule is
     established, tftp-proxy forwards the initial request from the client to the server to begin the transfer.	After transwait seconds, the pf(4)
     NAT state is assumed to have been established and the rdr rule is deleted and the program exits.  Once the transfer between the client and
     the server is completed, the NAT state will naturally expire.

     Assuming the TFTP command request is from $client to $server, the proxy connected to the server using the $proxy source address, and $port is
     negotiated, tftp-proxy adds the following rule to the anchor:

	   rdr proto udp from $server to $proxy port $port -> $client

     The options are as follows:

     -v      Log the connection and request information to syslogd(8).

     -w transwait
	     Number of seconds to wait for the data transmission to begin before removing the pf(4) rdr rule.  The default is 2 seconds.

CONFIGURATION

     To make use of the proxy, pf.conf(5) needs the following rules.  The anchors are mandatory.  Adjust the rules as needed for your configura-
     tion.

     In the NAT section:

	   nat on $ext_if from $int_if -> ($ext_if:0)

	   no nat on $ext_if to port tftp

	   rdr-anchor "tftp-proxy/*"
	   rdr on $int_if proto udp from $lan to any port tftp -> 
	       127.0.0.1 port 6969

     In the filter section, an anchor must be added to hold the pass rules:

	   anchor "tftp-proxy/*"

     inetd(8) must be configured to spawn the proxy on the port that packets are being forwarded to by pf(4).  An example inetd.conf(5) entry fol-
     lows:

	   127.0.0.1:6969  dgram   udp	   wait    root 
		   /usr/libexec/tftp-proxy tftp-proxy

SEE ALSO

     tftp(1), pf(4), pf.conf(5), ftp-proxy(8), inetd(8), syslogd(8), tftpd(8)

CAVEATS

     tftp-proxy chroots to /var/chroot/tftp-proxy and changes to user ``_proxy'' to drop privileges.

BSD
								   May 31, 2007 							       BSD