11-05-2002
Ansi C has to work just about everywhere. So it assumes only a simple view of its environment. Posix on the other hand assumes a very powerful operating system.
As one example, look at signals. With posix you can send a signal to another process via the kill() system call. You specify which process gets the signal by supplying a pid. Ansi c only has a wimpy raise() which lets a process send a signal to itself. This is because Ansi C does not assume that it is even possible to run several processes at once. You won't find a pid in any Ansi C call. Posix demands multiple processes. Ansi C does not.
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KILL(1) User Commands KILL(1)
NAME
kill - send a signal to a process
SYNOPSIS
kill [options] <pid> [...]
DESCRIPTION
The default signal for kill is TERM. Use -l or -L to list available signals. Particularly useful signals include HUP, INT, KILL, STOP,
CONT, and 0. Alternate signals may be specified in three ways: -9, -SIGKILL or -KILL. Negative PID values may be used to choose whole
process groups; see the PGID column in ps command output. A PID of -1 is special; it indicates all processes except the kill process
itself and init.
OPTIONS
<pid> [...]
Send signal to every <pid> listed.
-<signal>
-s <signal>
--signal <signal>
Specify the signal to be sent. The signal can be specified by using name or number. The behavior of signals is explained in sig-
nal(7) manual page.
-l, --list [signal]
List signal names. This option has optional argument, which will convert signal number to signal name, or other way round.
-L, --table
List signal names in a nice table.
NOTES Your shell (command line interpreter) may have a built-in kill command. You may need to run the command described here as /bin/kill
to solve the conflict.
EXAMPLES
kill -9 -1
Kill all processes you can kill.
kill -l 11
Translate number 11 into a signal name.
kill -L
List the available signal choices in a nice table.
kill 123 543 2341 3453
Send the default signal, SIGTERM, to all those processes.
SEE ALSO
kill(2), killall(1), nice(1), pkill(1), renice(1), signal(7), skill(1)
STANDARDS
This command meets appropriate standards. The -L flag is Linux-specific.
AUTHOR
Albert Cahalan <albert@users.sf.net> wrote kill in 1999 to replace a bsdutils one that was not standards compliant. The util-linux one
might also work correctly.
REPORTING BUGS
Please send bug reports to <procps@freelists.org>
procps-ng October 2011 KILL(1)