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Full Discussion: Append header with awk
Top Forums UNIX for Beginners Questions & Answers Append header with awk Post 303017106 by bakunin on Wednesday 9th of May 2018 05:45:31 AM
Old 05-09-2018
RudiC already told you how to do it but you might profit from understanding why your code did not work:

Quote:
Originally Posted by JSKOBS
Below command is showing header w there is no data in a file, can you suggest how to correct..
Code:
awk '{NR!=0} BEGIN{print "START OF LINE"}; {print}' file

The reason why this doesn't work is that "NR" is only updated when records are read. Otherwise awk would have to read the whole file to determine how many records there are in it before it even begins to process it, no?

The BEGIN-part of awk is executed (aas the name implies) before any part of the input file is read and therefore "NR", at the time when this is executed, is always 0.

I hope this helps.

bakunin
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Net::DNS::Header(3)					User Contributed Perl Documentation				       Net::DNS::Header(3)

NAME
Net::DNS::Header - DNS packet header class SYNOPSIS
"use Net::DNS::Header;" DESCRIPTION
A "Net::DNS::Header" object represents the header portion of a DNS packet. METHODS
new $header = Net::DNS::Header->new; $header = Net::DNS::Header->new($data); Without an argument, "new" creates a header object appropriate for making a DNS query. If "new" is passed a reference to a scalar containing DNS packet data, it creates a header object from that data. Returns undef if unable to create a header object (e.g., if the data is incomplete). print $header->print; Dumps the header data to the standard output. string print $header->string; Returns a string representation of the header object. id print "query id = ", $header->id, " "; $header->id(1234); Gets or sets the query identification number. qr print "query response flag = ", $header->qr, " "; $header->qr(0); Gets or sets the query response flag. opcode print "query opcode = ", $header->opcode, " "; $header->opcode("UPDATE"); Gets or sets the query opcode (the purpose of the query). aa print "answer is ", $header->aa ? "" : "non-", "authoritative "; $header->aa(0); Gets or sets the authoritative answer flag. tc print "packet is ", $header->tc ? "" : "not ", "truncated "; $header->tc(0); Gets or sets the truncated packet flag. rd print "recursion was ", $header->rd ? "" : "not ", "desired "; $header->rd(0); Gets or sets the recursion desired flag. cd print "checking was ", $header->cd ? "not" : "", "desired "; $header->cd(0); Gets or sets the checking disabled flag. ra print "recursion is ", $header->ra ? "" : "not ", "available "; $header->ra(0); Gets or sets the recursion available flag. rcode print "query response code = ", $header->rcode, " "; $header->rcode("SERVFAIL"); Gets or sets the query response code (the status of the query). qdcount, zocount print "# of question records: ", $header->qdcount, " "; $header->qdcount(2); Gets or sets the number of records in the question section of the packet. In dynamic update packets, this field is known as "zocount" and refers to the number of RRs in the zone section. ancount, prcount print "# of answer records: ", $header->ancount, " "; $header->ancount(5); Gets or sets the number of records in the answer section of the packet. In dynamic update packets, this field is known as "prcount" and refers to the number of RRs in the prerequisite section. nscount, upcount print "# of authority records: ", $header->nscount, " "; $header->nscount(2); Gets or sets the number of records in the authority section of the packet. In dynamic update packets, this field is known as "upcount" and refers to the number of RRs in the update section. arcount, adcount print "# of additional records: ", $header->arcount, " "; $header->arcount(3); Gets or sets the number of records in the additional section of the packet. In dynamic update packets, this field is known as "adcount". data $hdata = $header->data; Returns the header data in binary format, appropriate for use in a DNS query packet. COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 1997-2000 Michael Fuhr. All rights reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. SEE ALSO
perl(1), Net::DNS, Net::DNS::Resolver, Net::DNS::Packet, Net::DNS::Update, Net::DNS::Question, Net::DNS::RR, RFC 1035 Section 4.1.1 perl v5.8.0 2002-10-12 Net::DNS::Header(3)
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