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Full Discussion: Questions about IPC
Top Forums UNIX for Beginners Questions & Answers Questions about IPC Post 303012046 by jim mcnamara on Sunday 28th of January 2018 12:59:45 PM
Old 01-28-2018
You have assumptions you may not realize that you have.

When a parent creates a child
1. if the child "stays" as a child it can communicate to the parent via pipes, shared memory - ipc in general is possible. Sometimes the child stdout is the parent's same stdout (shared) with the parent. There no requirement that it be done one way or another. The parent should call wait() on the child process and then take correct action depending on the return from the child (exit()).

2. The child calls setsid() and becomes the head of its very own process. It can still talk to the parent if it is coded to do that, but when the process ends, the parent has gone on to do other things and had not called wait() on the child.

3. a daemon is a special version of #2. The child turns off connections to stdin, stdout, stderr. These processes are often called services. Normally they do not engage in IPC with the parent.

4. Sometimes a child can be #1, #2, or #3 but it uses signals to/from the parent to interoperate.

Shells mostly use #1 - you type the ls command, it does it's thing, writes to stdout, then calls exit. The status of the child is available to the parent shell in the $? variable.

I've simplified this for understanding. Someone else may not feel my choices were the best. In any event - You should really consider learning what https://www.tldp.org/LDP/tlk/ipc/ipc.html has to say. And learn it reasonably well.
 

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IPC(2)							     Linux Programmer's Manual							    IPC(2)

NAME
ipc - System V IPC system calls SYNOPSIS
int ipc(unsigned int call, int first, int second, int third, void *ptr, long fifth); DESCRIPTION
ipc() is a common kernel entry point for the System V IPC calls for messages, semaphores, and shared memory. call determines which IPC function to invoke; the other arguments are passed through to the appropriate call. User programs should call the appropriate functions by their usual names. Only standard library implementors and kernel hackers need to know about ipc(). CONFORMING TO
ipc() is Linux-specific, and should not be used in programs intended to be portable. NOTES
On a few architectures, for example ia64, there is no ipc() system call; instead msgctl(2), semctl(2), shmctl(2), and so on really are implemented as separate system calls. SEE ALSO
msgctl(2), msgget(2), msgrcv(2), msgsnd(2), semctl(2), semget(2), semop(2), semtimedop(2), shmat(2), shmctl(2), shmdt(2), shmget(2) COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.25 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/. Linux 2007-06-28 IPC(2)
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