10-23-2017
The purpose of /sys is to give some insight into the kernel memory. Typically you can read (and patch) kernel parameters here. But also device drivers can plug in, so you can set their properties.
Sounds like /proc? Indeed the implementation of /sys is similar, and at the beginning they (mis)used the /proc for kernel parameters.
The /dev tree is still for the main functionality: give the user land a file-like interface, and handle it with device drivers in the kernel.
Of cause many parameters in /sys and /proc have little drivers that present the binary kernel values as text (and in the case of writing/patching convert the text to binary).
And yes, /sys sometimes changes. One should carefully check the existing /sys structure when using it; that's better than making asssumptions because of a certain OS version.
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LEARN ABOUT REDHAT
sysctl
SYSCTL(8) SYSCTL(8)
NAME
sysctl - configure kernel parameters at runtime
SYNOPSIS
sysctl [-n] [-e] variable ...
sysctl [-n] [-e] -w variable=value ...
sysctl [-n] [-e] -p <filename> (default /etc/sysctl.conf)
sysctl [-n] [-e] -a
sysctl [-n] [-e] -A
DESCRIPTION
sysctl is used to modify kernel parameters at runtime. The parameters available are those listed under /proc/sys/. Procfs is required for
sysctl(8) support in Linux. You can use sysctl(8) to both read and write sysctl data.
PARAMETERS
variable
The name of a key to read from. An example is kernel.ostype. The '/' separator is also accepted in place of a '.'.
variable=value
To set a key, use the form variable=value, where variable is the key and value is the value to set it to. If the value contains
quotes or characters which are parsed by the shell, you may need to enclose the value in double quotes. This requires the -w param-
eter to use.
-n Use this option to disable printing of the key name when printing values.
-e Use this option to ignore errors about unknown keys.
-w Use this option when you want to change a sysctl setting.
-p Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or /etc/sysctl.conf if none given.
-a Display all values currently available.
-A Display all values currently available in table form.
EXAMPLES
/sbin/sysctl -a
/sbin/sysctl -n kernel.hostname
/sbin/sysctl -w kernel.domainname="example.com"
/sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf
FILES
/proc/sys /etc/sysctl.conf
SEE ALSO
sysctl.conf(5)
BUGS
The -A parameter behaves just as -a does.
AUTHOR
George Staikos, <staikos@0wned.org>
21 Sep 1999 SYSCTL(8)