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Full Discussion: Error in excuting while loop
Top Forums UNIX for Beginners Questions & Answers Error in excuting while loop Post 302986063 by bakunin on Saturday 19th of November 2016 12:23:25 PM
Old 11-19-2016
Quote:
Originally Posted by mirwasim
Code:
while read line
do
 for word in $line do
 if [ -n $word ] then
	wcount=`echo $word | wc -m`;
	wlength=`expr $wcount - 1`;
	letter=`echo $word | head -c1`;
	echo -e "$lettert$wlength";
 fi
done

You have already been explained what led to the error you got. This is a side issue:
Code:
wcount=`echo $word | wc -m`

You should NOT use backticks for this kind of operation. If you want to run a series of commands and feed the output of these into a variable do it with modern POSIX means instead of outdated (and in the meanwhile deprecated) backticks:

Code:
wcount=$(echo $word | wc -m)

This will do the same but - in sharp contrast to backticks - can even be nested:

Code:
var=$(command1 $(command2 | command3) | command4)

Another thing is this:

Code:
letter=`echo $word | head -c1`

Use parameter substitution for this, which is way faster and uses far less system resources:

Code:
letter="${word%${word#?}}"

I hope this helps.

bakunin
This User Gave Thanks to bakunin For This Post:
mirwasim
 

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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN

paps

PAPS(1) 						      General Commands Manual							   PAPS(1)

NAME

       paps - UTF-8 to PostScript converter using Pango

SYNOPSIS

       paps [options] files...

DESCRIPTION

       paps reads a UTF-8 encoded file and generates a PostScript language rendering of the file. The rendering is done by creating outline curves
       through the pango ft2 backend.

OPTIONS

       These programs follow the usual GNU command line syntax, with long options starting with  two  dashes  (`-').   A  summary  of  options	is
       included below.

       --landscape
	      Landscape output. Default is portrait.

       --columns=cl
	      Number of columns output. Default is 1.
	      Please notice this option isn't related to the terminal length as in a "80 culums terminal".

       --font=desc
	      Set the font description. Default is Monospace 12.

       --rtl  Do right to left (RTL) layout.

       --paper ps
	      Choose paper size. Known paper sizes are legal, letter and A4. Default is A4.

       Postscript points
	      Each postscript point equals to 1/72 of an inch. 36 points are 1/2 of an inch.

       --bottom-margin=bm
	      Set bottom margin. Default is 36 postscript points.

       --top-margin=tm
	      Set top margin. Default is 36 postscript points.

       --left-margin=lm
	      Set left margin. Default is 36 postscript points.

       --right-margin=rm
	      Set right margin. Default is 36 postscript points.

       --gutter-width=gw
	      Set gutter width. Default is 40 postscript points.

       --help Show summary of options.

       --header
	      Draw page header for each page.

       --markup
	      Interpret the text as pango markup.

       --lpi  Set the lines per inch. This determines the line spacing.

       --cpi  Set the characters per inch. This is an alternative method of specifying the font size.

       --stretch-chars
	      Indicates  that  characters  should be stretched in the y-direction to fill up their vertical space. This is similar to the texttops
	      behaviour.

AUTHOR

       paps was written by Dov Grobgeld <dov.grobgeld@gmail.com>.

       This manual page was written by Lior Kaplan <kaplan@debian.org>, for the Debian project (but may be used by others).

								  April  17, 2006							   PAPS(1)
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