Sponsored Content
Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers What is the difference in this two awk command? Post 302974228 by RavinderSingh13 on Thursday 26th of May 2016 03:58:43 PM
Old 05-26-2016
Hello Scott/later_troy,

Adding one more small example here too. In awk, strings could be converted to numbers and numbers could be converted to strings, if the context of the awk program demands it. For example, If numeric values appear in string concatenation, they are converted to strings. Consider the following:
Code:
two = 2; three = 3
print (two three) + 4

awk 'BEGIN{two=2;three=3;print (two three)+4}'
27   ###Output

This prints the (numeric) value 27. The numeric values of the variables two and three are converted to strings and concatenated together. The resulting string is converted back to the number 23, to which 4 is then added. Also while taking 5th field of dfin BASH means to have the used file system percentage could be one more example for this too.

Thanks,
R. Singh

Last edited by RavinderSingh13; 05-26-2016 at 05:04 PM..
 

10 More Discussions You Might Find Interesting

1. AIX

difference between ls -b and ls command

hi anyone please tell me what is the difference between ls -b command and ls command. (1 Reply)
Discussion started by: sathish2win
1 Replies

2. Programming

Difference between cp and mv linux command

Hi, I am facing one problem only with mv command not with cp command. I have a test program #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/mount.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <errno.h> int sync_file(char *file) { FILE *fp=NULL;... (6 Replies)
Discussion started by: dharshini123
6 Replies

3. Shell Programming and Scripting

awk command in script gives error while same awk command at prompt runs fine: Why?

Hello all, Here is what my bash script does: sums number columns, saves the tot in new column, outputs if tot >= threshold val: > cat getnon0file.sh #!/bin/bash this="getnon0file.sh" USAGE=$this" InFile="xyz.38" Min="0.05" # awk '{sum=0; for(n=2; n<=NF; n++){sum+=$n};... (4 Replies)
Discussion started by: catalys
4 Replies

4. UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers

which command difference

What is the difference between (unix-system “which ) and which commands. For example when I use the (unix-system “which visual_elite) command I get the following result: /home/vhdl/edatools/mentor/visualelite/VisualElite-4.2.1/Linux2.4/bin/visual_elite When I do the same on... (1 Reply)
Discussion started by: mihaelab
1 Replies

5. Shell Programming and Scripting

AWK Script and Commandline difference

Hey there, I just stumbled upon a difference between using awk on the commandline and using it in a shellscript. I have a variable, e.g.: PROG=vim then i want to check if the package with this name is installed: TEMPVAL=$(dpkg -l | awk '{ if ($2 == "$PROG") print $2 }') (Im using... (10 Replies)
Discussion started by: MrSnail
10 Replies

6. UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers

command difference - find

Hi, What is the difference between these two? find /some_dir -type f -exec chmod 070 {} \; and chmod 070 `find /some_dir -type f` Thanks (5 Replies)
Discussion started by: lamont
5 Replies

7. Shell Programming and Scripting

Simple awk command to compare two files and print first difference

Hello, I have two text files, each with a single column, file 1: 124152970 123899868 123476854 54258288 123117283 file 2: 124152970 123899868 54258288 123117283 122108330 (5 Replies)
Discussion started by: LMHmedchem
5 Replies

8. Shell Programming and Scripting

Awk: What is the difference between: X[a,b,c] - X[a][b,c] - X[a][b][c]

I have awk appearing to behave inconsistently. With the same variable it will give the message: fatal: attempt to use array `X' in a scalar context and, if I try to correct that, then: fatal: attempt to use a scalar value as array I'm using a three dimensional array. There seems to be a... (2 Replies)
Discussion started by: Fustbariclation
2 Replies

9. Shell Programming and Scripting

Difference in awk output and while

so, im going over one of my scripts and trying to optimize it. i have a code like this: cksum sjreas.py | awk '{prinnt $1$2}' This does what I need. However, i dont want to call the external command awk. so im doing this: cksum sjreas.py | while OFS=' ' read v1 v2 ; do printf... (4 Replies)
Discussion started by: SkySmart
4 Replies

10. Shell Programming and Scripting

awk to calculate difference of split and sum the difference

In the awk I am trying to subtract the difference $3-$2 of each matching $4 before the first _ (underscore) and print that value in $13. I think the awk will do that, but added comments. What I am not sure off is how to add a line or lines that will add sum each matching $13 value and put it in... (2 Replies)
Discussion started by: cmccabe
2 Replies
printf(1)							   User Commands							 printf(1)

NAME
printf - write formatted output SYNOPSIS
printf format [argument...] DESCRIPTION
The printf command writes formatted operands to the standard output. The argument operands are formatted under control of the format oper- and. OPERANDS
The following operands are supported: format A string describing the format to use to write the remaining operands. The format operand is used as the format string described on the formats(5) manual page, with the following exceptions: o A SPACE character in the format string, in any context other than a flag of a conversion specification, is treated as an ordinary character that is copied to the output. o A character in the format string is treated as a character, not as a SPACE character. o In addition to the escape sequences described on the formats(5) manual page (\, a, , f, , , , v), ddd, where ddd is a one-, two- or three-digit octal number, is written as a byte with the numeric value specified by the octal number. o The program does not precede or follow output from the d or u conversion specifications with blank characters not specified by the format operand. o The program does not precede output from the o conversion specification with zeros not specified by the format oper- and. o An additional conversion character, b, is supported as follows. The argument is taken to be a string that may contain backslash-escape sequences. The following backslash-escape sequences are supported: o the escape sequences listed on the formats(5) manual page (\, a, , f, , , , v), which are converted to the characters they represent o ddd, where ddd is a zero-, one-, two- or three-digit octal number that is converted to a byte with the numeric value specified by the octal number o c, which is written and causes printf to ignore any remaining characters in the string operand containing it, any remaining string operands and any additional characters in the format operand. The interpretation of a backslash followed by any other sequence of characters is unspecified. Bytes from the converted string are written until the end of the string or the number of bytes indicated by the precision specification is reached. If the precision is omitted, it is taken to be infinite, so all bytes up to the end of the con- verted string are written. For each specification that consumes an argument, the next argument operand is evaluated and converted to the appropriate type for the conversion as specified below. The format operand is reused as often as necessary to satisfy the argument operands. Any extra c or s conversion specifications are evaluated as if a null string argument were supplied; other extra conversion specifications are evaluated as if a zero argument were supplied. If the format oper- and contains no conversion specifications and argument operands are present, the results are unspecified. If a character sequence in the format operand begins with a % character, but does not form a valid conversion specification, the behavior is unspecified. argument The strings to be written to standard output, under the control of format. The argument operands are treated as strings if the corresponding conversion character is b, c or s. Otherwise, it is evaluated as a C constant, as described by the ISO C standard, with the following extensions: o A leading plus or minus sign is allowed. o If the leading character is a single- or double-quote, the value is the numeric value in the underlying codeset of the character following the single- or double-quote. If an argument operand cannot be completely converted into an internal value appropriate to the corresponding conversion specification, a diagnostic message is written to standard error and the utility does not exit with a zero exit status, but continues processing any remaining operands and writes the value accumulated at the time the error was detected to standard output. USAGE
Notice that this printf utility, like the printf(3C) function on which it is based, makes no special provision for dealing with multi-byte characters when using the %c conversion specification or when a precision is specified in a %b or %s conversion specification. Applications should be extremely cautious using either of these features when there are multi-byte characters in the character set. Field widths and precisions cannot be specified as *. For compatibility with previous versions of SunOS 5.x, the $ format specifier is supported for formats containing only %s specifiers. The %b conversion specification is not part of the ISO C standard; it has been added here as a portable way to process backslash escapes expanded in string operands as provided by the echo utility. See also the USAGE section of the echo(1) manual page for ways to use printf as a replacement for all of the traditional versions of the echo utility. If an argument cannot be parsed correctly for the corresponding conversion specification, the printf utility reports an error. Thus, over- flow and extraneous characters at the end of an argument being used for a numeric conversion are to be reported as errors. It is not considered an error if an argument operand is not completely used for a c or s conversion or if a string operand's first or sec- ond character is used to get the numeric value of a character. EXAMPLES
Example 1: Printing a series of prompts To alert the user and then print and read a series of prompts: example% printf "aPlease fill in the following: Name: " read name printf "Phone number: " read phone Example 2: Printing a table of calculations To read out a list of right and wrong answers from a file, calculate the percentage correctly, and print them out. The numbers are right- justified and separated by a single tab character. The percentage is written to one decimal place of accuracy: example% while read right wrong ; do percent=$(echo "scale=1;($right*100)/($right+$wrong)" | bc) printf "%2d right %2d wrong (%s%%) " $right $wrong $percent done < database_file Example 3: Printing number strings The command: example% printf "%5d%4d " 1 21 321 4321 54321 produces: 1 21 3214321 54321 0 Notice that the format operand is used three times to print all of the given strings and that a 0 was supplied by printf to satisfy the last %4d conversion specification. Example 4: Tabulating conversion errors The printf utility tells the user when conversion errors are detected while producing numeric output; thus, the following results would be expected on an implementation with 32-bit twos-complement integers when %d is specified as the format operand: +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Arguments Standard Diagnostic | |5a 5 printf: 5a not completely converted | |9999999999 2147483647 printf: 9999999999: Results too | | large | |-9999999999 -2147483648 printf: -9999999999: Results too | | large | |ABC 0 printf: ABC expected numeric value | +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ Notice that the value shown on standard output is what would be expected as the return value from the function strtol(3C). A similar corre- spondence exists between %u and strtoul(3C), and %e, %f and %g and strtod(3C). Example 5: Printing output for a specific locale In a locale using the ISO/IEC 646:1991 standard as the underlying codeset, the command: example% printf "%d " 3 +3 -3 '3 "+3 "'-3" produces: +-----------------------------------------------------------+ |3 Numeric value of constant 3 | |3 Numeric value of constant 3 | |-3 Numeric value of constant -3 | |51 Numeric value of the character `3' in the ISO/IEC | | 646:1991 standard codeset | |43 Numeric value of the character `+' in the ISO/IEC | | 646:1991 standard codeset | |45 Numeric value of the character `-' in the SO/IEC | | 646:1991 standard codeset | +-----------------------------------------------------------+ Notice that in a locale with multi-byte characters, the value of a character is intended to be the value of the equivalent of the wchar_t representation of the character. If an argument operand cannot be completely converted into an internal value appropriate to the corresponding conversion specification, a diagnostic message is written to standard error and the utility does exit with a zero exit status, but continues processing any remaining operands and writes the value accumulated at the time the error was detected to standard output. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables that affect the execution of printf: LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LC_MES- SAGES, LC_NUMERIC, and NLSPATH. EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned: 0 Successful completion. >0 An error occurred. ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |Availability |SUNWloc | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |CSI |enabled | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |Interface Stability |Standard | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ SEE ALSO
awk(1), bc(1), echo(1), printf(3C), strtod(3C), strtol(3C), strtoul(3C), attributes(5), environ(5), formats(5), standards(5) SunOS 5.10 28 Mar 1995 printf(1)
All times are GMT -4. The time now is 07:43 PM.
Unix & Linux Forums Content Copyright 1993-2022. All Rights Reserved.
Privacy Policy