PGREP(1)							   User Commands							  PGREP(1)

NAME

       pgrep, pkill - look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes

SYNOPSIS

       pgrep [options] pattern
       pkill [options] pattern

DESCRIPTION

       pgrep looks through the currently running processes and lists the process IDs which match the selection criteria to stdout.  All the crite-
       ria have to match.  For example,

	      $ pgrep -u root sshd

       will only list the processes called sshd AND owned by root.  On the other hand,

	      $ pgrep -u root,daemon

       will list the processes owned by root OR daemon.

       pkill will send the specified signal (by default SIGTERM) to each process instead of listing them on stdout.

OPTIONS

       -signal
       --signal signal
	      Defines the signal to send to each matched process.  Either the numeric or the symbolic signal name can be used.	(pkill only.)

       -c, --count
	      Suppress normal output; instead print a count of matching processes.  When count does not match anything,  e.g.  returns	zero,  the
	      command will return non-zero value.

       -d, --delimiter delimiter
	      Sets the string used to delimit each process ID in the output (by default a newline).  (pgrep only.)

       -f, --full
	      The pattern is normally only matched against the process name.  When -f is set, the full command line is used.

       -g, --pgroup pgrp,...
	      Only match processes in the process group IDs listed.  Process group 0 is translated into pgrep's or pkill's own process group.

       -G, --group gid,...
	      Only match processes whose real group ID is listed.  Either the numerical or symbolical value may be used.

       -l, --list-name
	      List the process name as well as the process ID.	(pgrep only.)

       -a, --list-full
	      List the full command line as well as the process ID.  (pgrep only.)

       -n, --newest
	      Select only the newest (most recently started) of the matching processes.

       -o, --oldest
	      Select only the oldest (least recently started) of the matching processes.

       -P, --parent ppid,...
	      Only match processes whose parent process ID is listed.

       -s, --session sid,...
	      Only match processes whose process session ID is listed.	Session ID 0 is translated into pgrep's or pkill's own session ID.

       -t, --terminal term,...
	      Only match processes whose controlling terminal is listed.  The terminal name should be specified without the "/dev/" prefix.

       -u, --euid euid,...
	      Only match processes whose effective user ID is listed.  Either the numerical or symbolical value may be used.

       -U, --uid uid,...
	      Only match processes whose real user ID is listed.  Either the numerical or symbolical value may be used.

       -v, --inverse
	      Negates  the  matching.	This  option is usually used in pgrep's context.  In pkill's context the short option is disabled to avoid
	      accidental usage of the option.

       -w, --lightweight
	      Shows all thread ids instead of pids in pgrep's context.	In pkill's context this option is disabled.

       -x, --exact
	      Only match processes whose names (or command line if -f is specified) exactly match the pattern.

       -F, --pidfile file
	      Read PID's from file.  This option is perhaps more useful for pkill than pgrep.

       -L, --logpidfile
	      Fail if pidfile (see -F) not locked.

       --ns pid
	      Match processes that belong to the same namespaces. Required to run as root to match processes from other users.	See  --nslist  for
	      how to limit which namespaces to match.

       --nslist name,...
	      Match only the provided namespaces. Available namespaces: ipc, mnt, net, pid, user,uts.

       -V, --version
	      Display version information and exit.

       -h, --help
	      Display help and exit.

OPERANDS

       pattern
	      Specifies an Extended Regular Expression for matching against the process names or command lines.

EXAMPLES

       Example 1: Find the process ID of the named daemon:

	      $ pgrep -u root named

       Example 2: Make syslog reread its configuration file:

	      $ pkill -HUP syslogd

       Example 3: Give detailed information on all xterm processes:

	      $ ps -fp $(pgrep -d, -x xterm)

       Example 4: Make all netscape processes run nicer:

	      $ renice +4 $(pgrep netscape)

EXIT STATUS

       0      One or more processes matched the criteria.
       1      No processes matched.
       2      Syntax error in the command line.
       3      Fatal error: out of memory etc.

NOTES

       The  process  name  used  for matching is limited to the 15 characters present in the output of /proc/pid/stat.	Use the -f option to match
       against the complete command line, /proc/pid/cmdline.

       The running pgrep or pkill process will never report itself as a match.

BUGS

       The options -n and -o and -v can not be combined.  Let me know if you need to do this.

       Defunct processes are reported.

SEE ALSO

       ps(1), regex(7), signal(7), killall(1), skill(1), kill(1), kill(2)

STANDARDS

       pkill and pgrep were introduced in Sun's Solaris 7.  This implementation is fully compatible.

AUTHOR

       Kjetil Torgrim Homme <kjetilho@ifi.uio.no>

REPORTING BUGS

       Please send bug reports to <procps@freelists.org>

procps-ng							   October 2012 							  PGREP(1)