02-09-2016
Quote:
Originally Posted by
mohtashims
I couldn't stop laughing reading the last few comments and I get the point that it is not feasible to impose the default behaviour of the commands.
Anyways ... can you help me with few commands with flags as examples that override each other like -f overrides -i for rm command ?
I'm very happy to hear that you were laughing. That means you'll remember this discussion.
It is common practice any time a utility has mutually exclusive behaviors specified by a pair of options to use the behavior specified by the last one of those options found on the command line. But as always, there are exceptions. The standards seldom explicitly state that the last mutually exclusive option "shall be used" and instead state that the default behavior is undefined if a user specifies more than one mutually exclusive option unless the description of that utility explicitly overrides the default. One case where the standard always specifies that the last one shall be used is the
-H,
-L, and
-P options that appear on many utilities that process symbolic links (such as
cd,
chgrp,
chmod,
chown,
cp, etc.). In all of these cases the last specified option of these three is required to be used and any previous occurrences of these three options must be ignored by the system (just like the
-f and
-i rm options we have been discussing in this thread).
This User Gave Thanks to Don Cragun For This Post:
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LEARN ABOUT OPENDARWIN
chown
CHOWN(8) BSD System Manager's Manual CHOWN(8)
NAME
chown -- change file owner and group
SYNOPSIS
chown [-fhv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] owner[:group] file ...
chown [-fhv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] :group file ...
DESCRIPTION
The chown utility changes the user ID and/or the group ID of the specified files. Symbolic links named by arguments are silently left
unchanged unless -h is used.
The options are as follows:
-H If the -R option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed. (Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal
are not followed.)
-L If the -R option is specified, all symbolic links are followed.
-P If the -R option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. This is the default.
-R Change the user ID and/or the group ID for the file hierarchies rooted in the files instead of just the files themselves.
-f Don't report any failure to change file owner or group, nor modify the exit status to reflect such failures.
-h If the file is a symbolic link, change the user ID and/or the group ID of the link itself.
-v Cause chown to be verbose, showing files as the owner is modified.
The -H, -L and -P options are ignored unless the -R option is specified. In addition, these options override each other and the command's
actions are determined by the last one specified.
The owner and group operands are both optional, however, one must be specified. If the group operand is specified, it must be preceded by a
colon (``:'') character.
The owner may be either a numeric user ID or a user name. If a user name is also a numeric user ID, the operand is used as a user name. The
group may be either a numeric group ID or a group name. If a group name is also a numeric group ID, the operand is used as a group name.
The ownership of a file may only be altered by a super-user for obvious security reasons.
DIAGNOSTICS
The chown utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
COMPATIBILITY
Previous versions of the chown utility used the dot (``.'') character to distinguish the group name. This has been changed to be a colon
(``:'') character so that user and group names may contain the dot character.
On previous versions of this system, symbolic links did not have owners.
The -v option is non-standard and its use in scripts is not recommended.
SEE ALSO
chgrp(1), find(1), chown(2), fts(3), symlink(7)
STANDARDS
The chown utility is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 (``POSIX.2'') compliant.
HISTORY
A chown utility appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.
BSD
March 31, 1994 BSD