PROJ(1) 						      General Commands Manual							   PROJ(1)

NAME

       cs2cs - cartographic coordinate system filter

SYNOPSIS

       cs2cs [ -eEfIlrstvwW [ args ] ] [ +opts[=arg] ]
	     [ +to [+opts[=arg]] ] file[s]

DESCRIPTION

       Cs2cs  performs	transformation between the source and destination cartographic coordinate system on a set of input points.  The coordinate
       system transformation can include translation between projected and geographic coordinates as well as the application of datum shifts.

       The following control parameters can appear in any order:

       -I     method to specify inverse translation, convert from +to coordinate system to the primary coordinate system defined.

       -ta    A specifies a character employed as the first character to denote a control line to be  passed  through  without	processing.   This
	      option applicable to ascii input only.  (# is the default value).

       -e string
	      String  is  an arbitrary string to be output if an error is detected during data transformations.  The default value is: *	*.  Note
	      that if the -b, -i or -o options are employed, an error is returned as HUGE_VAL value for both return values.

       -E     causes the input coordinates to be copied to the output line prior to printing the converted values.

       -l[p|P|=|e|u|d]id
	      List projection identifiers with -l, -lp or -lP (expanded) that can be selected with +proj.  -l=id  gives  expanded  description	of
	      projection  id.	List  ellipsoid  identifiers with -le, that can be selected with +ellps, -lu list of cartesian to meter conversion
	      factors that can be selected with +units or -ld list of datums that can be selected with +datum.

       -r     This options reverses the order of the expected input from longitude-latitude or x-y to latitude-longitude or y-x.

       -s     This options reverses the order of the output from x-y or longitude-latitude to y-x or latitude-longitude.

       -f format
	      Format is a printf format string to control the form of the output values.  For inverse projections, the output will be  in  degrees
	      when  this  option  is  employed.   If a format is specified for inverse projection the output data will be in decimal degrees.  The
	      default format is "%.2f" for forward projection and DMS for inverse.

       -[w|W]n
	      N is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds output (when the option is not specified,	-w3  is  assumed).
	      When -W is employed the fields will be constant width and with leading zeroes.

       -v     causes a listing of cartographic control parameters tested for and used by the program to be printed prior to input data.

       The  +args  run-line  arguments are associated with cartographic parameters and usage varies with projection and for a complete description
       see Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environment--A User's Manual ) and supplementary documentation for Release 4.

       The cs2cs program requires two coordinate system definitions.  The first (or primary is defined based  on  all  projection  parameters  not
       appearing  after  the +to argument.  All projection parameters appearing after the +to argument are considered the definition of the second
       coordinate system.  If there is no second coordinate system defined, a geographic coordinate system based on the datum and ellipsoid of the
       source  coordinate  system is assumed.  Note that the source and destination coordinate system can both be projections, both be geographic,
       or one of each and may have the same or different datums.

       Additional projection control parameters may be contained in two auxiliary control files: the  first  is  optionally  referenced  with  the
       +init=file:id and the second is always processed after the name of the projection has been established from either the run-line or the con-
       tents of +init file.  The environment parameter PROJ_LIB establishes the default directory for a file reference without an  absolute  path.
       This is also used for supporting files like datum shift files.

       One  or	more files (processed in left to right order) specify the source of data to be transformed.  A - will specify the location of pro-
       cessing standard input.	If no files are specified, the input is assumed to be from stdin.  For input data the two data values must  be	in
       the first two white space separated fields and when both input and output are ASCII all trailing portions of the input line are appended to
       the output line.

       Input geographic data (longitude and latitude) must be in DMS format and input cartesian data must be in units consistent with  the  ellip-
       soid  major  axis  or  sphere radius units.  Output geographic coordinates will be in DMS (if the -w switch is not employed) and precise to
       0.001" with trailing, zero-valued minute-second fields deleted.

EXAMPLE

       The following script
	     cs2cs +proj=latlong +datum=NAD83
		   +to +proj=utm +zone=10 +datum=NAD27 -r <<EOF
	     45d15'33.1"   111.5W
	     45d15.551666667N	-111d30
	     +45.25919444444	111d30'000w
	     EOF
       will transform the input NAD83 geographic coordinates into NAD27 coordinates in the UTM projection with zone 10 selected.   The	geographic
       values  of this example are equivalent and meant as examples of various forms of DMS input.  The x-y output data will appear as three lines
       of:
	     1402285.99      5076292.42 0.000

SEE ALSO

       proj(1U),
       Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environment--A User's Manual, (Evenden, 1990, Open-file report 90-284).
       Map Projections Used by the U. S. Geological Survey (Snyder, 1984, USGS Bulletin 1532).
       Map Projections--A Working Manual (Snyder, 1988, USGS Prof. Paper 1395).
       An Album of Map Projections (Snyder & Voxland, 1989, USGS Prof. Paper 1453).

HOME PAGE

       http://www.remotesensing.org/proj

								2000/03/21 Rel. 4.4							   PROJ(1)