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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Du command and modified date in ssh Post 302929417 by Don Cragun on Sunday 21st of December 2014 03:37:56 AM
Old 12-21-2014
The ls output is showing the size of the files listed (note that a directory is just one type of a file).

The du -hs output is showing the sizes of the blocks allocated to the file and (when the file is a directory) the size of the blocks allocated to the directory added to the sizes of the blocks allocated to all files in the file hierarchy rooted in that directory. Note also that the sizes of files in a file hierarchy reported by du -hs might not be what you expect. If there are hard links to files in a hierarchy, the blocks allocated to each linked file will only be counted once. Therefore, the sum of the sizes reported by:
Code:
du -hs dir1 dir2

might not be the sum of the sizes reported by:
Code:
du -hs dir1;du -hs dir2

And, if there are sparse files, the file size may be huge, but the number of blocks allocated to the file may be tiny.

And note that the size of a directory varies from filesystem type to filesystem type. On some filesystem types, the size of a directory shown by ls will be the size of the directory entries in that directory; in other filesystem types, it will just be the number of directory entries contained in that directory; and in other filesystem types, it might be something else. (On some filesystem types, some directory entries can be stored in the i-node for the directory. This makes the size of the directory zero until enough space is needed by directory entries to overflow the space in the i-node.)
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folders(1mh)															      folders(1mh)

Name
       folders - list folders and contents

Syntax
       folders [ +folder ] [ msg ] [ options ]

Description
       The command displays the names of your folders and the number of messages that they each contain.

       The  command displays a list of all the folders in your Mail directory.	The folders are sorted alphabetically, each on its own line.  This
       is illustrated in the following example:
	 Folder      # of messages (  range  ); cur  msg  (other files)
	   V2.3  has	3 messages (   1-   3).
	 adrian  has   20 messages (   1-  20); cur=   2.
	  brian  has   16 messages (   1-  16).
	  chris  has   12 messages (   1-  12).
	copylog  has  242 messages (   1- 242); cur= 225.
	  inbox+ has   73 messages (   1- 127); cur= 127.
	    int  has	4 messages (   1-   4); cur=   2  (others).
	   jack  has   17 messages (   1-  17); cur=  17.

		 TOTAL= 387 messages in 8 folders.
       The plus sign (+) after inbox indicates that it is the current folder.  The information about the folder includes the term (others).   This
       indicates  that the folder contains files which are not messages.  These files may be either sub-folders, or files that do not belong under
       the MH file naming scheme.

       The command is identical to the effect of using the -all option to the command.

       If you use with the +folder argument, it will display all the subfolders within the named folder.  as shown in the following example:
       % folders +test
       Folder		# of messages (  range	); cur	msg  (other files)
       test+ has	  18 messages (   1-  18);	     (others).
       test/testone has    1 message  (   1-   1).
       test/testtwo has   no messages.

	      TOTAL=   19 messages in 3 folders.
       See for more details of sub-folders.

Options
       -fast
       -nofast	 Lists only the name of folders, with no additional information.  This is faster because the folders need not be read.

       -help	 Prints a list of the valid options to this command.

       -list
       -nolist	 Lists the contents of the folder-stack.  No +folder argument is allowed with this option.

       -pack
       -nopack	 Re-numbers messages in the folders.  Messages are re-numbered sequentially, and any gaps  in  the  numbering  are  removed.   The
		 default operation is -nopack, which does not change the numbering in the folder.

       -pop	 Discards  the	top of the folder-stack, after setting the current folder to that value.  No +folder argument is allowed with this
		 option.  This corresponds to the operation in the C-shell; see The -push and -pop options are mutually exclusive: the last occur-
		 rence of either one overrides any previous occurrence of the other.

       -push	 Pushes  the  current  folder  onto  the  folder-stack, and makes the +folder argument into the current folder.  If +folder is not
		 given, the current folder and the top of the folder-stack are exchanged.  This corresponds to the operation in the  C-shell;  see
		 The  -push switch and the -pop switch are mutually exclusive: the last occurrence of either one overrides any previous occurrence
		 of the other.

       -recurse
       -norecurse
		 Lists folders recursively.  Information on each folder is displayed, followed by information on any  sub-folders  which  it  con-
		 tains.

       -total
       -nototal  Displays  only the total number of messages and folders in your Mail directory.  This option does not print any information about
		 individual folders.  It can be suppressed using the -nototal option.

       The defaults for are:

	      +folder defaults to all
	      msg defaults to none
	      -nofast
	      -noheader
	      -nototal
	      -nopack
	      -norecurse

Restrictions
       MH does not allow you to have more than 100 folders at any level in your Mail directory.

Profile Components
       Path:		 To determine your MH directory
       Folder-Protect:	 To set protections when creating a new folder
       Folder-Stack:	 To determine the folder stack
       lsproc:		 Program to list the contents of a folder

Files
       The user profile.

See Also
       csh(1), folder(1mh), refile(1mh), mhpath(1mh)

																      folders(1mh)
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