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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting I am learning shell scripting and i would like to understand how sort -k3,3 -k 4,4 short* works Post 302924310 by blackrageous on Friday 7th of November 2014 04:32:55 PM
Old 11-07-2014
See man pages
Code:
Sort Key Definition Using the -k Flag

       The -k KeyDefinition flag uses the following form:

       -k [ FStart [ .CStart ] ] [ Modifier ] [ , [ FEnd [ .CEnd ] ][ Modifier ] ]

       The sort key includes all characters beginning with the field specified by the FStart variable and the column specified by the CStart variable and ending with the field
       specified by the FEnd variable and the column specified by the CEnd variable. If Fend is not specified, the last character of the line is assumed. If CEnd is not specified
       the last character in the FEnd field is assumed. Any field or column number in the KeyDefinition variable may be omitted. The default values are:
       FStart
            Beginning of the line
       CStart
            First column in the field
       FEnd
            End of the line
       CEnd
            Last column of the field

       If there is any spaces between the fields, sort considers them as separate fields.

       The value of the Modifier variable can be one or more of the letters b, d, f, i, n, or r. The modifiers apply only to the field definition they are attached to and have the

       same effect as the flag of the same letter. The modifier letter b applies only to the end of the field definition to which it is attached.
For example:

       -k 3.2b,3r

       specifies a sort key beginning in the second nonblank column of the third field and extending to the end of the third field, with the sort on this key to be done in reverse
       collation order. If the FStart variable and the CStart variable fall beyond the end of the line or after the FEnd variable and the CEnd variable, then the sort key is
       ignored.

 

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CUBRID_FETCH_FIELD(3)							 1						     CUBRID_FETCH_FIELD(3)

cubrid_fetch_field - Get column information from a result and return as an object

SYNOPSIS
object cubrid_fetch_field (resource $result, [int $field_offset]) DESCRIPTION
This function returns an object with certain properties of the specific column. The properties of the object are: o $name -column name o $table -name of the table that the column belongs to o $def -default value of the column o $max_length -maximum length of the column o $not_null -1 if the column cannot be NULL o $primary_key -1 if the column is a primary key o $unique_key -1 if the column is an unique key o $multiple_key -1 if the column is a non-unique key o $numeric -1 if the column is numeric o $blob -1 if the column is a BLOB o $type -the type of the column o $unsigned -1 if the column is unsigned o $zerofill -1 if the column is zero-filled PARAMETERS
o $result -$result comes from a call to cubrid_execute(3) o $field_offset - The numerical field offset. If the field offset is not specified, the next field (that was not yet retrieved by this function) is retrieved. The $field_offset starts at 0. RETURN VALUES
Object with certain properties of the specific column, when process is successful. FALSE on failure. EXAMPLES
Example #1 cubrid_fetch_field(3) example <?php $conn = cubrid_connect("localhost", 33000, "demodb"); $req = cubrid_execute($conn, "SELECT event_code,athlete_code,nation_code,game_date FROM game WHERE host_year=1988 and event_code=20001;"); var_dump(cubrid_fetch_row($req)); cubrid_field_seek($req, 1); $field = cubrid_fetch_field($req); printf(" --- Field Properties --- "); printf("%-30s %s ", "name:", $field->name); printf("%-30s %s ", "table:", $field->table); printf("%-30s "%s" ", "default value:", $field->def); printf("%-30s %d ", "max length:", $field->max_length); printf("%-30s %d ", "not null:", $field->not_null); printf("%-30s %d ", "primary key:", $field->primary_key); printf("%-30s %d ", "unique key:", $field->unique_key); printf("%-30s %d ", "multiple key:", $field->multiple_key); printf("%-30s %d ", "numeric:", $field->numeric); printf("%-30s %d ", "blob:", $field->blob); printf("%-30s %s ", "type:", $field->type); printf("%-30s %d ", "unsigned:", $field->unsigned); printf("%-30s %d ", "zerofill:", $field->zerofill); cubrid_close_request($req); cubrid_disconnect($conn); ?> The above example will output: array(4) { [0]=> string(5) "20001" [1]=> string(5) "16681" [2]=> string(3) "KOR" [3]=> string(9) "1988-9-30" } --- Field Properties --- name: athlete_code table: game default value: "" max length: 0 not null: 1 primary key: 1 unique key: 1 multiple key: 0 numeric: 1 blob: 0 type: integer unsigned: 0 zerofill: 0 PHP Documentation Group CUBRID_FETCH_FIELD(3)
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