09-25-2014
Quote:
Originally Posted by
Don Cragun
And if there are any miscreants on your system that notice these files in /tmp, it is easy for them to replace the utilities you thought you had specified with other utilities of their choosing.
I agree the race condition risk however, it isn't easy or even possible for regular users to replace the utilities already created in /tmp. What they might do is anticipate and create hostile alternatives before the gsrc.sh script is ever executed.
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LEARN ABOUT FREEBSD
mktemp
MKTEMP(1) BSD General Commands Manual MKTEMP(1)
NAME
mktemp -- make temporary file name (unique)
SYNOPSIS
mktemp [-d] [-q] [-t prefix] [-u] template ...
mktemp [-d] [-q] [-u] -t prefix
DESCRIPTION
The mktemp utility takes each of the given file name templates and overwrites a portion of it to create a file name. This file name is
unique and suitable for use by the application. The template may be any file name with some number of 'Xs' appended to it, for example
/tmp/temp.XXXX. The trailing 'Xs' are replaced with the current process number and/or a unique letter combination. The number of unique
file names mktemp can return depends on the number of 'Xs' provided; six 'Xs' will result in mktemp selecting 1 of 56800235584 (62 ** 6) pos-
sible file names.
If mktemp can successfully generate a unique file name, the file is created with mode 0600 (unless the -u flag is given) and the filename is
printed to standard output.
If the -t prefix option is given, mktemp will generate a template string based on the prefix and the TMPDIR environment variable if set. The
default location if TMPDIR is not set is /tmp. Care should be taken to ensure that it is appropriate to use an environment variable poten-
tially supplied by the user.
If no arguments are passed or if only the -d flag is passed mktemp behaves as if -t tmp was supplied.
Any number of temporary files may be created in a single invocation, including one based on the internal template resulting from the -t flag.
The mktemp utility is provided to allow shell scripts to safely use temporary files. Traditionally, many shell scripts take the name of the
program with the pid as a suffix and use that as a temporary file name. This kind of naming scheme is predictable and the race condition it
creates is easy for an attacker to win. A safer, though still inferior, approach is to make a temporary directory using the same naming
scheme. While this does allow one to guarantee that a temporary file will not be subverted, it still allows a simple denial of service
attack. For these reasons it is suggested that mktemp be used instead.
OPTIONS
The available options are as follows:
-d Make a directory instead of a file.
-q Fail silently if an error occurs. This is useful if a script does not want error output to go to standard error.
-t prefix
Generate a template (using the supplied prefix and TMPDIR if set) to create a filename template.
-u Operate in ``unsafe'' mode. The temp file will be unlinked before mktemp exits. This is slightly better than mktemp(3) but still
introduces a race condition. Use of this option is not encouraged.
EXIT STATUS
The mktemp utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
EXAMPLES
The following sh(1) fragment illustrates a simple use of mktemp where the script should quit if it cannot get a safe temporary file.
tempfoo=`basename $0`
TMPFILE=`mktemp /tmp/${tempfoo}.XXXXXX` || exit 1
echo "program output" >> $TMPFILE
To allow the use of $TMPDIR:
tempfoo=`basename $0`
TMPFILE=`mktemp -t ${tempfoo}` || exit 1
echo "program output" >> $TMPFILE
In this case, we want the script to catch the error itself.
tempfoo=`basename $0`
TMPFILE=`mktemp -q /tmp/${tempfoo}.XXXXXX`
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "$0: Can't create temp file, exiting..."
exit 1
fi
SEE ALSO
mkdtemp(3), mkstemp(3), mktemp(3), environ(7)
HISTORY
A mktemp utility appeared in OpenBSD 2.1. This implementation was written independently based on the OpenBSD man page, and first appeared in
FreeBSD 2.2.7. This man page is taken from OpenBSD.
BSD
December 30, 2005 BSD