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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Convert Post 302913943 by Don Cragun on Thursday 21st of August 2014 12:37:58 AM
Old 08-21-2014
Quote:
Originally Posted by RavinderSingh13
Hello lawsongeek,

One more approach not effective as Don's but may help.
Thanks Don for nice approach.

Code:
awk '{for(i=1;i<=NR;i++){a=a ORS $0;next} END{gsub(/^[[:space:]]/,Y,a);gsub(/[[:space:]]/,",",a); print a}' filename

... ... ...

Thanks,
R. Singh
Hi RavinderSingh,
If you want to take this approach, wouldn't this be more efficient:
Code:
awk '{a=(a==""?"":a",")$0;next}} END{print a}' filename

I don't see the need for the for loop; did I miss something?

The reason I didn't use this approach is that the script I suggested before will produce the desired output successfully even if the total length of the output is longer than LINE_MAX bytes as long as no single input line is longer than LINE_MAX. The behavior with this script is again unspecified if the length of the string stored in a is (LINE_MAX -1) or more bytes (which will happen whenever the size of the input file is LINE_MAX or more bytes).
----------------------------------------------
Update: Removed extraneous } as suggested by RavinderSingh13 in next message.
Last edited by Don Cragun; 08-21-2014 at 07:53 AM.. Reason: Fix typo }} -> }
 

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LEARN ABOUT REDHAT

fsf-funding

FSF-FUNDING(7)                                                          GNU                                                         FSF-FUNDING(7)

NAME

       fsf-funding - Funding Free Software

DESCRIPTION

       Funding Free Software

       If you want to have more free software a few years from now, it makes sense for you to help encourage people to contribute funds for its
       development.  The most effective approach known is to encourage commercial redistributors to donate.

       Users of free software systems can boost the pace of development by encouraging for-a-fee distributors to donate part of their selling
       price to free software developers---the Free Software Foundation, and others.

       The way to convince distributors to do this is to demand it and expect it from them.  So when you compare distributors, judge them partly
       by how much they give to free software development.  Show distributors they must compete to be the one who gives the most.

       To make this approach work, you must insist on numbers that you can compare, such as, "We will donate ten dollars to the Frobnitz project
       for each disk sold."  Don't be satisfied with a vague promise, such as "A portion of the profits are donated," since it doesn't give a
       basis for comparison.

       Even a precise fraction "of the profits from this disk" is not very meaningful, since creative accounting and unrelated business decisions
       can greatly alter what fraction of the sales price counts as profit.  If the price you pay is $50, ten percent of the profit is probably
       less than a dollar; it might be a few cents, or nothing at all.

       Some redistributors do development work themselves.  This is useful too; but to keep everyone honest, you need to inquire how much they do,
       and what kind.  Some kinds of development make much more long-term difference than others.  For example, maintaining a separate version of
       a program contributes very little; maintaining the standard version of a program for the whole community contributes much.  Easy new ports
       contribute little, since someone else would surely do them; difficult ports such as adding a new CPU to the GNU Compiler Collection con-
       tribute more; major new features or packages contribute the most.

       By establishing the idea that supporting further development is "the proper thing to do" when distributing free software for a fee, we can
       assure a steady flow of resources into making more free software.

SEE ALSO

       gpl(7), gfdl(7).

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (c) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  Verbatim copying and redistribution of this section is permitted without royalty; alter-
       ation is not permitted.

gcc-4.3.0                                                           2007-05-12                                                      FSF-FUNDING(7)
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