06-16-2014
Welcome to UNIX.COM
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File extensions DO NOT have meaning necessarily to a UNIX OS. This is a Windows thing primarily. Some windows-like Linux desktops can be set up to associate certain applications with a file extension. .mp3, for example, may be associated with whatever media application you have.
Programmers often attach meaningful extensions so that someone seeing the file knows what is in it: foo.dat script.sh script1.ksh. Those extensions do not make or break the function of the file like they do in Windows. In Windows if you rename a file like foo.xlsx - an Excel file - to foo.junk then the Windows OS will not open the file using Excel automatically. You get warning messages when you rename files on Windows because of this very issue. Not on UNIX.
-q
Is a command line parameter, an option. You have to read the script to understand what effect -q has on the logic of the shell script. Nobody here can tell you what it does, anything we said would be a pure guess - if we got it right it would be an accident.
This User Gave Thanks to jim mcnamara For This Post:
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
bup-margin
bup-margin(1) General Commands Manual bup-margin(1)
NAME
bup-margin - figure out your deduplication safety margin
SYNOPSIS
bup margin [options...]
DESCRIPTION
bup margin iterates through all objects in your bup repository, calculating the largest number of prefix bits shared between any two
entries. This number, n, identifies the longest subset of SHA-1 you could use and still encounter a collision between your object ids.
For example, one system that was tested had a collection of 11 million objects (70 GB), and bup margin returned 45. That means a 46-bit
hash would be sufficient to avoid all collisions among that set of objects; each object in that repository could be uniquely identified by
its first 46 bits.
The number of bits needed seems to increase by about 1 or 2 for every doubling of the number of objects. Since SHA-1 hashes have 160 bits,
that leaves 115 bits of margin. Of course, because SHA-1 hashes are essentially random, it's theoretically possible to use many more bits
with far fewer objects.
If you're paranoid about the possibility of SHA-1 collisions, you can monitor your repository by running bup margin occasionally to see if
you're getting dangerously close to 160 bits.
OPTIONS
--predict
Guess the offset into each index file where a particular object will appear, and report the maximum deviation of the correct answer
from the guess. This is potentially useful for tuning an interpolation search algorithm.
--ignore-midx
don't use .midx files, use only .idx files. This is only really useful when used with --predict.
EXAMPLE
$ bup margin
Reading indexes: 100.00% (1612581/1612581), done.
40
40 matching prefix bits
1.94 bits per doubling
120 bits (61.86 doublings) remaining
4.19338e+18 times larger is possible
Everyone on earth could have 625878182 data sets
like yours, all in one repository, and we would
expect 1 object collision.
$ bup margin --predict
PackIdxList: using 1 index.
Reading indexes: 100.00% (1612581/1612581), done.
915 of 1612581 (0.057%)
SEE ALSO
bup-midx(1), bup-save(1)
BUP
Part of the bup(1) suite.
AUTHORS
Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@gmail.com>.
Bup unknown- bup-margin(1)