I want to grep from a file an exact character match.
I tried grep -c "$a $b" $file
where a=6 and b=2
the problem is that I get: 6 2 and 6 20
I just need a count of the occurrence.
I'm using the Bourne shell.
I've also tried grep -c '$a $b' $file;
not sure how to do this - any suggestions? (3 Replies)
Hi Folks,
I have this windowed applescript application I use for sending out emails, it uses the Postfix daemon buit into my Mac Os X box, and a 3 SMTP servers (out of hundreds I send emails to) were refusing my messages replying "host smtp2.braspress.com.br said: 550 Requested action not... (2 Replies)
Please help. This simple problem is really stumping me.
Is there are way to find absolute pathnames for all files on your system that are longer than 100 characters?
I'm using bash shell to attempt it, but have come up with nothing so far.
I appreciate any help offered.
Nauty (2 Replies)
I have a file sample.txt with the below contents:
Aaa - providioning add ||
dev - reeec
dev kapl ||
ball - HERO ||
bal - provisioning pro ||
for given name i need the output to be the contents between - and || (excluding both)
for eg : input - Aaa
output -... (10 Replies)
Hi,
Is there anyway to find the junk characters in a file.Consider the file has data as given below:
123|abc^M|Doctor^C #record 1
234|def|Med #record 2
345|dfg^C|Wrong^V #record 3
The junk characters are highlighted and this is a pipe delimited file.
Is there anyway to... (20 Replies)
Hi, I have a series of files (upwards of 500) the filename format is as follows
CC10-1234P1999.WGS84.p190
each of this files is in a directory named for the file but excluding the extension.
Now the last three numeric characters, in this case 999, can be anything from 001 to 999, I need to... (3 Replies)
Hi, I have a series of files (upwards of 500) the filename format is as follows
CC10-1234P1999.WGS84.p190, all in one directory.
Now the last three numeric characters, in this case 999, can be anything from 001 to 999.
I need to move some of them to a seperate directory, the ones I need to... (5 Replies)
After spending sometime playing around with my script I just cannot get it to do what I want. So I decided to ask. My file looks something like this:
I am using the following code to extract sequences that contain dashes
awk '/^>/{id=$0;next}{if (match($1,"-")) print id "\n" $0}' infile
... (17 Replies)
Hi All,
Assuming i have got a file test.dat which has contains as follows:
Unix = abc def fgt jug
111 2222 3333
Linux = gggg pppp qqq
C# = ccc ffff llll
I would like to traverse through the file, get the 1st occurance of "=" and then need to get the sting... (22 Replies)
Hi....I need one help....
I'm having a files which is having the data as follows...
a
b
c c
d d d
e
f
Now I need to find out distinct characters from this file and the output should be as follows -
a
b
c
d
e
f
Can you please help me on this? I'm using KSH script. (18 Replies)
Discussion started by: Krishanu Saha
18 Replies
LEARN ABOUT PHP
substr
SUBSTR(3) 1 SUBSTR(3)substr - Return part of a stringSYNOPSIS
string substr (string $string, int $start, [int $length])
DESCRIPTION
Returns the portion of $string specified by the $start and $length parameters.
PARAMETERS
o $string
- The input string. Must be one character or longer.
o $start
- If $start is non-negative, the returned string will start at the $start'th position in $string, counting from zero. For
instance, in the string ' abcdef', the character at position 0 is ' a', the character at position 2 is ' c', and so forth. If
$start is negative, the returned string will start at the $start'th character from the end of $string. If $string is less than or
equal to $start characters long, FALSE will be returned.
Example #1
Using a negative $start
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", -1); // returns "f"
$rest = substr("abcdef", -2); // returns "ef"
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, 1); // returns "d"
?>
o $length
- If $length is given and is positive, the string returned will contain at most $length characters beginning from $start (depend-
ing on the length of $string). If $length is given and is negative, then that many characters will be omitted from the end of
$string (after the start position has been calculated when a $start is negative). If $start denotes the position of this trunca-
tion or beyond, false will be returned. If $length is given and is 0, FALSE or NULL, an empty string will be returned. If
$length is omitted, the substring starting from $start until the end of the string will be returned.
Example #2
Using a negative $length
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", 0, -1); // returns "abcde"
$rest = substr("abcdef", 2, -1); // returns "cde"
$rest = substr("abcdef", 4, -4); // returns false
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, -1); // returns "de"
?>
RETURN VALUES
Returns the extracted part of $string; or FALSE on failure, or an empty string.
CHANGELOG
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Version | |
| | |
| | Description |
| | |
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|5.2.2 - 5.2.6 | |
| | |
| | If the $start parameter indicates the position |
| | of a negative truncation or beyond, false is |
| | returned. Other versions get the string from |
| | start. |
| | |
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
EXAMPLES
Example #3
Basic substr(3) usage
<?php
echo substr('abcdef', 1); // bcdef
echo substr('abcdef', 1, 3); // bcd
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 4); // abcd
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 8); // abcdef
echo substr('abcdef', -1, 1); // f
// Accessing single characters in a string
// can also be achieved using "square brackets"
$string = 'abcdef';
echo $string[0]; // a
echo $string[3]; // d
echo $string[strlen($string)-1]; // f
?>
Example #4
substr(3) casting behaviour
<?php
class apple {
public function __toString() {
return "green";
}
}
echo "1) ".var_export(substr("pear", 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "2) ".var_export(substr(54321, 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "3) ".var_export(substr(new apple(), 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "4) ".var_export(substr(true, 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "5) ".var_export(substr(false, 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "6) ".var_export(substr("", 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "7) ".var_export(substr(1.2e3, 0, 4), true).PHP_EOL;
?>
The above example will output:
1) 'pe'
2) '54'
3) 'gr'
4) '1'
5) false
6) false
7) '1200'
ERRORS /EXCEPTIONS
Returns FALSE on error.
Example #5
<?php
var_dump(substr('a', 1)); // bool(false)
?>
SEE ALSO strrchr(3), substr_replace(3), preg_match(3), trim(3), mb_substr(3), wordwrap(3), String access and modification by character.
PHP Documentation Group SUBSTR(3)