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Full Discussion: Awk,sed : change every 2nd field ":" to "|"
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Awk,sed : change every 2nd field ":" to "|" Post 302825667 by Scrutinizer on Tuesday 25th of June 2013 12:42:51 AM
Old 06-25-2013
The sed command uses a substitute command ( s/.../.../ ) . The first part of the expression contains a basic regular expression (regex). The escaped parentheses \( and \) are used to group parts of matched text that can be back referenced by \1 in the second part of the s-command.

So in this case only the second colon is outside the grouped part and does not get back referenced, so effectively it gets discarded. If we apply this to your input file then the first match is :8:, which gets substituted with :8|. At the end of the expression is the letter g, which is the "global" flag, which means that the operation should be repeated for every occurrence on the line.

So this will be repeated, and crucial here, is that the next match will start after the previous match, so next up will be :4: which becomes :4| and then :14: becomes :14| and so on...
Last edited by Scrutinizer; 06-25-2013 at 01:49 AM..
 

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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN

catman

CATMAN(8)							Manual pager utils							 CATMAN(8)

NAME

       catman - create or update the pre-formatted manual pages

SYNOPSIS

       catman [-dhV] [-M path] [-C file] [section] ...

DESCRIPTION

       catman  is  used to create an up to date set of pre-formatted manual pages known as cat pages.  Cat pages are generally much faster to dis-
       play than the original manual pages, but require extra storage space.  The decision to support cat pages is that of the	local  administra-
       tor, who must provide suitable directories to contain them.

       The options available to catman are the manual page hierarchies and sections to pre-format.  The default hierarchies are those specified as
       system hierarchies in the man-db configuration file, and the default sections are either the colon-delimited contents  of  the  environment
       variable $MANSECT or the standard set compiled into man if $MANSECT is undefined.  Supplying catman with a set of whitespace-delimited sec-
       tion names will override both of the above.

       catman makes use of the index database cache associated with each hierarchy to determine which files need to be formatted.

OPTIONS

       -d, --debug
	      Print debugging information.

       -M path, --manpath=path
	      Specify an alternate colon-delimited manual page hierarchy search path.  By default, this is all paths indicated as  system  hierar-
	      chies in the man-db configuration file.

       -C file, --config-file=file
	      Use this user configuration file rather than the default of ~/.manpath.

       -h, --help
	      Print a help message and exit.

       -V, --version
	      Display version information.

ENVIRONMENT

       MANSECT
	      If  $MANSECT is set, its value is a colon-delimited list of sections and it is used to determine which manual sections to search and
	      in what order.

       MANPATH
	      If $MANPATH is set, its value is interpreted as the colon-delimited manual page hierarchy search path to use.

FILES

       /etc/manpath.config
	      man-db configuration file.

       /usr/man/index.(bt|db|dir|pag)
	      A traditional global index database cache.

       /var/catman/index.(bt|db|dir|pag)
	      An alternate or FSSTND compliant global index database cache.

SEE ALSO

       man(1), manpath(5), mandb(8)

AUTHOR

       Wilf. (G.Wilford@ee.surrey.ac.uk).
       Fabrizio Polacco (fpolacco@debian.org).
       Colin Watson (cjwatson@debian.org).

2.6.2								    2012-06-18								 CATMAN(8)
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