I am new to UNIX Shell. I want to list the files names in the current directory that are not start with 'AB' and have at least two characters. For example, say I have those files in the current directory: AB, AC, AD, AE, B, C. After executing the command, AC, AD, AE will be listed on the screen.
My strategy is to get those files that their names have more than one character and use pipeline to redirect to another echo for filtering those files names that do not start with AB. I have tried the following command:
It seems it works fine, however, I am not sure wether I am correct. Is there any other way to do this? BTW, I am getting confused about the the differences between
and
I know that the first one is pass the results that do not start with AB to the second echo to filter files names longer than one character, the second one does the reverse order, however, they gave me different answers. I thought they should perform exactly the same. Could anybody explain the differences? and why I get different answers? I appreciate that.
Last edited by Scrutinizer; 05-13-2013 at 05:35 PM..
Reason: code tags
I would like a simple shell script that will allow me to display to screen all unsuccessful su attempts in my sulog file, for the present date.
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The mess I have right now (don't laugh) is... (4 Replies)
Hi all,
I am newbie in unix. Just have some doubts on how to join multiple lines into single line.
I have 1 file with following contents.
R96087641
HostName-kul480My
This is no use any more
%%
E78343970
LocalPath-/app/usr/SG
(Blank in this line)
%%
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Hi,
I look for a awk one liner for below issue.
input file
ABC 1234 abc 12345
ABC 4567 678 XYZ
xyz ght 678
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Hello,
I have files in a directory with names like,
./f0/84.40_E1200_85.39_E1300_f0_r00_1300-ON-0.25_S7A_v4_47.19.1.out.txt
./f0/84.40_E1200_85.83_E1200_f0_r00_1200-ON-0.25_S7A_v4_47.19.1.out.txt
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Discussion started by: Hope
16 Replies
LEARN ABOUT PHP
substr
SUBSTR(3) 1 SUBSTR(3)substr - Return part of a stringSYNOPSIS
string substr (string $string, int $start, [int $length])
DESCRIPTION
Returns the portion of $string specified by the $start and $length parameters.
PARAMETERS
o $string
- The input string. Must be one character or longer.
o $start
- If $start is non-negative, the returned string will start at the $start'th position in $string, counting from zero. For
instance, in the string ' abcdef', the character at position 0 is ' a', the character at position 2 is ' c', and so forth. If
$start is negative, the returned string will start at the $start'th character from the end of $string. If $string is less than or
equal to $start characters long, FALSE will be returned.
Example #1
Using a negative $start
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", -1); // returns "f"
$rest = substr("abcdef", -2); // returns "ef"
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, 1); // returns "d"
?>
o $length
- If $length is given and is positive, the string returned will contain at most $length characters beginning from $start (depend-
ing on the length of $string). If $length is given and is negative, then that many characters will be omitted from the end of
$string (after the start position has been calculated when a $start is negative). If $start denotes the position of this trunca-
tion or beyond, false will be returned. If $length is given and is 0, FALSE or NULL, an empty string will be returned. If
$length is omitted, the substring starting from $start until the end of the string will be returned.
Example #2
Using a negative $length
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", 0, -1); // returns "abcde"
$rest = substr("abcdef", 2, -1); // returns "cde"
$rest = substr("abcdef", 4, -4); // returns false
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, -1); // returns "de"
?>
RETURN VALUES
Returns the extracted part of $string; or FALSE on failure, or an empty string.
CHANGELOG
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Version | |
| | |
| | Description |
| | |
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|5.2.2 - 5.2.6 | |
| | |
| | If the $start parameter indicates the position |
| | of a negative truncation or beyond, false is |
| | returned. Other versions get the string from |
| | start. |
| | |
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
EXAMPLES
Example #3
Basic substr(3) usage
<?php
echo substr('abcdef', 1); // bcdef
echo substr('abcdef', 1, 3); // bcd
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 4); // abcd
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 8); // abcdef
echo substr('abcdef', -1, 1); // f
// Accessing single characters in a string
// can also be achieved using "square brackets"
$string = 'abcdef';
echo $string[0]; // a
echo $string[3]; // d
echo $string[strlen($string)-1]; // f
?>
Example #4
substr(3) casting behaviour
<?php
class apple {
public function __toString() {
return "green";
}
}
echo "1) ".var_export(substr("pear", 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "2) ".var_export(substr(54321, 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "3) ".var_export(substr(new apple(), 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "4) ".var_export(substr(true, 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "5) ".var_export(substr(false, 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "6) ".var_export(substr("", 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "7) ".var_export(substr(1.2e3, 0, 4), true).PHP_EOL;
?>
The above example will output:
1) 'pe'
2) '54'
3) 'gr'
4) '1'
5) false
6) false
7) '1200'
ERRORS /EXCEPTIONS
Returns FALSE on error.
Example #5
<?php
var_dump(substr('a', 1)); // bool(false)
?>
SEE ALSO strrchr(3), substr_replace(3), preg_match(3), trim(3), mb_substr(3), wordwrap(3), String access and modification by character.
PHP Documentation Group SUBSTR(3)