05-07-2013
1) lots, but large dirs are slow to process, so nobody goes there. Think of a path name for a complex object, now in place of 30k of them in one dir, look for separations and put slashes in there, and voila, smaller directories.
2) limited only by path length. Welcome to recursion. Lots of JAVA guys go nuts under windows' 255 char limit. UNIX is usually 1024 but I believe you can compile a more generous number into your kernel.
Each directory is an inode, just like a file but marked for directory handling. Think of it as a big dumb list of entry name and inode #, nothing else. Things like pipes and devices are a lot more 'special'.
Lots of O/S have just directory and flat file. Soft and hard links are not always there. Devices live somewhere outside the file tree, and if you want pipe behavior, you have to program.
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clri(1M) clri(1M)
NAME
clri - clear inode
SYNOPSIS
special i-number ...
DESCRIPTION
The command clears the inode i-number by filling it with zeros. special must be a special file name referring to a device containing a
file system. For proper results, special should not be mounted (see WARNINGS below). After is executed, all blocks in the affected file
show up as "missing" in an of special (see fsck(1M)). This command should only be used in emergencies.
Read and write permission is required on the specified special device. The inode becomes allocatable.
WARNINGS
The primary purpose of this command is to remove a file that for some reason does not appear in any directory. If it is used to clear an
inode that does appear in a directory, care should be taken to locate the entry and remove it. Otherwise, when the inode is reallocated to
some new file, the old entry in the directory will still point to that file. At that point, removing the old entry destroys the new file,
causing the new entry to point to an unallocated inode, so the whole cycle is likely to be repeated again.
If the file system is mounted, is likely to be ineffective.
DEPENDENCIES
operates only on file systems of type
SEE ALSO
fsck(1M), fsdb(1M), ncheck(1M).
STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
clri: SVID2, SVID3
clri(1M)