10-08-2012
I would suggest you learn about using the Bash (or other) shell on Ubuntu first like previously suggested, much of what you learn will transfer to any Unix-based OS which also has the Bash shell (most of them, I think).
Use the terminal to accomplish tasks like you suggest, but also learn to use it for tasks like file management, configuring programs to do what you want, and especially to get an introduction to scripting, or writing a series of commands in a file which will accomplish a certain task. This can all be done from inside the Desktop environment just by using whatever Terminal program you DE has.
Getting familiar with this way of running and managing a Linux machine means you can then progress to running an Ubuntu server, if you choose to stay with Ubuntu. This would normally be managed completely by command line, it does not install with a GUI by default. This can of course be run as a virtual machine in VirtualBox.
As a side note, Ubuntu is largely what I learnt on, and the UbuntuForums are very good for specific help. I now manage RHEL and Solaris servers for a living.
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
dtc_install_centos
dtc_install_centos(8) System Manager's Manual dtc_install_centos(8)
NAME
dtc_install_centos - bootstrap a CentOS install to use in a chroot or VM
SYNOPSIS
dtc_install_centos <install root> <yum environment>
DESCRIPTION
This shell script is part of the dtc-xen package, generally to be used by the dtc panel to install a new a Xen VPS server. This script is
called by dtc_reinstall_os when the user chooses to install the CentOS operating system.
How it works: it generates a temporary yum configuration in the yum environment directory, that directs yum to act inside the install root
instead of in the base system; then it kindly requests yum to install the basesystem, centos-release and yum packages onto it. Yum then
uses the configuration to download the required (usually, security-updated) packages and then perform the RPM installation process under
the install root.
It requires both RPM and yum. It does work under Debian (it was developed in Ubuntu first). It should also work on RPM-based systems
without destroying the system-wide RPM and yum configurations.
OPTION
<install root>
Target directory where CentOS will be deployed. Must exist beforehand.
<yum environment>
Directory where yum will store the repository manifests and configuration. Will be automatically created. Cached RPMs and manifests will
be left, as usual, in a directory var/cache/yum inside the install root.
EXAMPLE
dtc_install_centos /root/yum /xen/13
This will setup the operating system in /xen/13, with the CentOS configuration folder in /root/yum.
BUGS
It's limited to CentOS 5 at the moment.
It must be run as root.
Under some circumstances, the installation process itself may kill processes running on the host machine. The chroot yum does should be
sufficient to avoid this, but we haven't been able, yet, to ascertain why this fails sometimes.
SEE ALSO
dtc_reinstall_os(8)
VERSION
This documentation describes dtc_install_os version 0.3.1.
See http://www.gplhost.com/software-dtc-xen.html for updates.
dtc_install_centos(8)