09-27-2012
If that file is still open and used by e.g. syslogd, it cannot be unlinked and still exists on the disk, probably with another name. If existent on your system, try lsof to check open files. Some syslogds react on kill -HUP by closing their files (and doing other things, read man page!) and releasing allocated disk space.
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REMOVE(3) Linux Programmer's Manual REMOVE(3)
NAME
remove - remove a file or directory
SYNOPSIS
#include <stdio.h>
int remove(const char *pathname);
DESCRIPTION
remove() deletes a name from the file system. It calls unlink(2) for files, and rmdir(2) for directories.
If the removed name was the last link to a file and no processes have the file open, the file is deleted and the space it was using is made
available for reuse.
If the name was the last link to a file, but any processes still have the file open, the file will remain in existence until the last file
descriptor referring to it is closed.
If the name referred to a symbolic link, the link is removed.
If the name referred to a socket, FIFO, or device, the name is removed, but processes which have the object open may continue to use it.
RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.
ERRORS
The errors that occur are those for unlink(2) and rmdir(2).
CONFORMING TO
C89, C99, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
NOTES
Under libc4 and libc5, remove() was an alias for unlink(2) (and hence would not remove directories).
BUGS
Infelicities in the protocol underlying NFS can cause the unexpected disappearance of files which are still being used.
SEE ALSO
rm(1), unlink(1), link(2), mknod(2), open(2), rename(2), rmdir(2), unlink(2), mkfifo(3), symlink(7)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.27 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can
be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
GNU
2008-12-03 REMOVE(3)