06-03-2012
Hi,
not very clear what are you really looking for, but maybe this can help:
If you're trying to look for what network services the server is acting as a client (that is, applications running on the server that are acting as clients with regard to some network services):
1. netstat: look at external ports/services the server has in state ESTABLISHED or CLOSE_WAIT; run this command if you have a login account on the server. You could find services provided by the server itself (i.e. applications from the monitored server connecting to TCP/UDP sockets on the server itself).
2. a network traffic sniffing tool (i.e. tcpdump, wireshark, etc.) may also do the job, provided they are run for a sufficiently long time (many applications may have permanet traffic with external services while others may just connect once in a while). You don't have to run tcpdump or wireshark on the machine itself, as long as you have a machine in the same subnet as the server you are monitoring with a network interface capable of 'promiscuous mode'.
When you asked for nmap usage, remember that nmap is generally used to discover what network services are listening on the target server. Unless you run nmap on the target server itself, the results returned by nmap may be less comprehensive than the results returned by running netstat (this time, you would look to results with TCP/UDP sockets in state LISTENING), because a firewall may filter some sockets.
see ya
fra
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
nstreams
nstreams(1) Users Manuals nstreams(1)
NAME
network streams - a tcpdump output analyzer
SYNOPSIS
nstreams [ -v ] [ -c nstreams-services ] [ -n nstreams-networks_file ] [ -N [ -i ] [ -I ]] [ -r ] [ -O output [ -D iface ] [ -Y ]] [ -u ] [
-U ] [ -B ] [ -f tcpdump_file ] [ -l <iface> ] [ tcpdump output ]
DESCRIPTION
nstreams is a utility designed to identify the IP streams that are occuring on a network from a non-user friendly tcpdump output of several
megabytes.
This is especially useful when you plan to install a firewall but if you do not know the nstreams that the network users are generating
(http, real audio, and more...). nstreams can read the tcpdump output directly from stdin, or from a file. It can even generate the con-
figuration file of your firewall, using the -O option.
OPTIONS
-c <nstreams-services-file>
The path to an alternate nstreams service file. This file is used to identify each protocol. See the services file section later in
this manual page.
-n <nstreams-networks-file>
The path to an alternate nstreams network file. This file is used to identify which hosts belong to which network. See the networks
file section later in this manual page.
-f <tcpdump output file>
The path to the file to read data from. This file must have been generated using 'tcpdump -w filename'.
-l <iface>
Listen directly on interface <iface>. This avoids the use of tcpdump.
-N print the networks names instead of the hosts IP addresses. The intra-network traffic will not be shown. Use this option twice to
show the networks IP address instead of their names.
-i Also show the intra-network traffic (must be used with -N)
-I Only show the intra-network traffic (must be used with -N)
-r be redundant. That is, the same streams will be printed each time they appear in the dump.
-v print version number and exit.
-O <type>
output type. You can use this option to generate your firewall startup script. Do nstreams -h to see the supported output types.
-D <iface>
interface to apply to output onto. Must be used with -O.
-Y The firewall rules that will be generated will deny all packets coming from the outside trying to establish connections to the
inside. If you system is not serving anything, then it's safe to turn on this option.
-u Do not print the unknown streams
-U Only print the unknown streams
-B Show broadcasts and networks
USAGE
Let tcpdump(1) run some time on your network (like one week), and save its output in a file, by doing :
tcpdump -l -n > output
or
tcpdump -w filename
Then, feed nstreams with this output file, and it will turn it into a easily-readable file which will help you to write efficient firewall
filters. You may also do :
tcpdump -l -n | nstreams
or
nstreams -f filename (if you used tcpdump -w)
THE SERVICES FILE
The service file contains the description of each protocol, as well as their name. Its syntax is :
protocol_name:server_port(s)/{udp,tcp}:client_ports(s)
or :
protocol_name:type(s)/icmp:code(s)
Whereas :
protocol_name
is the name of the protocol described. This name may contain any character, including space, except ':'.
server_port(s)
is the range of ports used by the server. Usually, you will want to define one server port only, but you may enter any range you
want.
ip_protocol
is the IP protocol that this protocol is lying onto. Acceptable values are tcp and udp
client_port(s)
is the range of ports that the client may use. You can set this to any or, for more accurate results, to ports ranges, like
'1-1024,2048-4096'.
The rules are : 'first match, first taken'.
SERVICE FILE EXAMPLE
Using this syntax, you would declare the ssh protocol by :
ssh-unix:22/tcp:1000-1023
Because the Unix version of the ssh client uses a privileged port to connect onto the ssh server which listens on port 22.
THE NETWORKS FILE
The networks file is used to define sets and subsets of hosts (also known as networks). This avoids redundancy in the output file. The syn-
tax format for this file is :
network name:ip/mask
Whereas the network name is whatever you want, the IP is the ip of the network, and the mask is the CIDR netmask of the network. The rule
is 'first match, first taken'.
NETWORKS FILE EXAMPLE
admin:192.168.19.0/29
whole_subnet:192.168.0.0/16
internet:0.0.0.0/0
LIMITS
o nstreams can only parse the output of 'tcpdump -n'
o Even though the output of nstreams is easier to read than the one of tcpdump, it is still not easily readable. Use sort(1) on the nstream
output to get a more readable file.
o This program could have been written in perl
FILES
/etc/nstreams-services
/etc/nstreams-networks
SEE ALSO
tcpdump(1)
AUTHORS
Concept : Herve Schauer Consultants - http://www.hsc.fr
Coding : Renaud Deraison <deraison@cvs.nessus.org>
BUG REPORTS
Please send all your bug reports with the detail of your configuration to Renaud Deraison <deraison@cvs.nessus.org>
nstreams July 1999 nstreams(1)