One possible gash method, but making use of external commands (expr, paste). i.e. Not pure Bourne Shell.
Intended to illustrate the need to process each character side by side.
Pretty slow but it appears to work. If you are on an old Sun box, the syntax of "echo" with no terminator may be different "echo -n". The method for building up each output line can be much improved but this is an attempt at "open logic" regardless of efficiency.
For testing I copied the model output as file3.ref and compared. The last line appears to be in error.
Hi can someone please help me on this.
I need to perform this code:
Grep any lines that meets the following criteria
(A AND B) OR (A AND C)
I tried this code, but it didn't work
Grep-I "A &&B" | "A&&C" *.* $
thanks in advance (12 Replies)
This is my function which is creating three variables based on counter & writing these variable to database by calling another function writeRecord
but only one record is getting wrote in DB.... Please advise ASAP...:confused:
function InsertFtg
{
FTGSTR=""
echo "Saurabh is GREAT $#"
let... (2 Replies)
hi everyone
i am trying to do this
bash> cat abc.sh
deepak()
{
echo Deepak
}
deepak
bash>./abc.sh
Deepak
so it is giving me write simply i created a func and it worked
now i modified it like this way
bash> cat abc.sh (2 Replies)
On Linux OS, bash environment, I want implement the following code:
if && ( || )
A,B,C represents some compare conditions.
How to realize it ?
Thanks! (1 Reply)
I have code as follows to perform some validations on C++ and Javascript files:
if || || ; then
However, when I want to add other extensions as well, say "py" or "sql", then the repeated OR starts to look contrived. I know I can use the -o operator to abbreviate the code a little bit, but... (14 Replies)
Hi Team -
I"m very new to Shell Scripting so I have a rather novice question. My forte is Windows Batch Scripting so I was just wondering what the Shell Script equivalent is to the DOS command %~n?
%~n is a DOS variable that dispayed the script name.
For instance (in DOS):
REM... (11 Replies)
The file starts like this:
Directory: <path to the script>
Script: <script fife name>
#!bin/ksh
##Comments
<actual script>
What is the use of the first two lines in the script? What if I save the file without them? What will be the effect? They are not comments. Im very new to this,... (4 Replies)
Dear All.
I have a script, which process files one by one. In the script I have two functions.
one sftp files to different server
the other from existing file create file with different name.
My question is:
Will sftp function recognize files names , which are created in another... (1 Reply)
First time doing a function script and I am getting an error. Anyone knows the problem?
#!/bin/bash
hello()
{ echo "Executing function hello"
}
echo "Script has started now"
hello
echo "Script will end" (3 Replies)
I want to make a config file which contain all the paths.
i want to read the config file line by line and pass as an argument on my below function.
Replace all the path with reading config path line by line and pass in respective functions.
how can i achieve that?
Kindly guide.
... (6 Replies)
Discussion started by: sadique.manzar
6 Replies
LEARN ABOUT PHP
substr
SUBSTR(3) 1 SUBSTR(3)substr - Return part of a stringSYNOPSIS
string substr (string $string, int $start, [int $length])
DESCRIPTION
Returns the portion of $string specified by the $start and $length parameters.
PARAMETERS
o $string
- The input string. Must be one character or longer.
o $start
- If $start is non-negative, the returned string will start at the $start'th position in $string, counting from zero. For
instance, in the string ' abcdef', the character at position 0 is ' a', the character at position 2 is ' c', and so forth. If
$start is negative, the returned string will start at the $start'th character from the end of $string. If $string is less than or
equal to $start characters long, FALSE will be returned.
Example #1
Using a negative $start
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", -1); // returns "f"
$rest = substr("abcdef", -2); // returns "ef"
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, 1); // returns "d"
?>
o $length
- If $length is given and is positive, the string returned will contain at most $length characters beginning from $start (depend-
ing on the length of $string). If $length is given and is negative, then that many characters will be omitted from the end of
$string (after the start position has been calculated when a $start is negative). If $start denotes the position of this trunca-
tion or beyond, false will be returned. If $length is given and is 0, FALSE or NULL, an empty string will be returned. If
$length is omitted, the substring starting from $start until the end of the string will be returned.
Example #2
Using a negative $length
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", 0, -1); // returns "abcde"
$rest = substr("abcdef", 2, -1); // returns "cde"
$rest = substr("abcdef", 4, -4); // returns false
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, -1); // returns "de"
?>
RETURN VALUES
Returns the extracted part of $string; or FALSE on failure, or an empty string.
CHANGELOG
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Version | |
| | |
| | Description |
| | |
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
|5.2.2 - 5.2.6 | |
| | |
| | If the $start parameter indicates the position |
| | of a negative truncation or beyond, false is |
| | returned. Other versions get the string from |
| | start. |
| | |
+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
EXAMPLES
Example #3
Basic substr(3) usage
<?php
echo substr('abcdef', 1); // bcdef
echo substr('abcdef', 1, 3); // bcd
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 4); // abcd
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 8); // abcdef
echo substr('abcdef', -1, 1); // f
// Accessing single characters in a string
// can also be achieved using "square brackets"
$string = 'abcdef';
echo $string[0]; // a
echo $string[3]; // d
echo $string[strlen($string)-1]; // f
?>
Example #4
substr(3) casting behaviour
<?php
class apple {
public function __toString() {
return "green";
}
}
echo "1) ".var_export(substr("pear", 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "2) ".var_export(substr(54321, 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "3) ".var_export(substr(new apple(), 0, 2), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "4) ".var_export(substr(true, 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "5) ".var_export(substr(false, 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "6) ".var_export(substr("", 0, 1), true).PHP_EOL;
echo "7) ".var_export(substr(1.2e3, 0, 4), true).PHP_EOL;
?>
The above example will output:
1) 'pe'
2) '54'
3) 'gr'
4) '1'
5) false
6) false
7) '1200'
ERRORS /EXCEPTIONS
Returns FALSE on error.
Example #5
<?php
var_dump(substr('a', 1)); // bool(false)
?>
SEE ALSO strrchr(3), substr_replace(3), preg_match(3), trim(3), mb_substr(3), wordwrap(3), String access and modification by character.
PHP Documentation Group SUBSTR(3)