12-22-2011
Initially, x = 3, y = 2
x = x - y # Capture the difference of two variables in x --> x = 3 - 2 = 1
y = y + x # Add the difference to y to get the initial value of x --> y = 2 + 1 = 3
x = y - x # Subtract the difference from y to get the initial value of y --> x = 3 - 1 = 2
Finally, x = 2, y = 3.
But this won't work for variables containing string values. In such cases, you'd have to go for methods as suggested by methyl.
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cmp(1) General Commands Manual cmp(1)
NAME
cmp - Compares two files
SYNOPSIS
cmp [-l | -s] file1 file2
STANDARDS
Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry standards as follows:
cmp:XCU5.0
Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information about industry standards and associated tags.
OPTIONS
Prints the byte number (decimal) and the differing bytes (octal) for each difference. Does not print data for differing files; returns
only an exit value.
OPERANDS
The path name of a file to be compared. The path name of a file to be compared.
DESCRIPTION
The cmp command compares two files.
If file1 or file2 is - (dash), standard input is used for that file. It is an error to specify - for both files.
By default, the cmp command prints no information if the files are the same. If the files differ, cmp prints the byte and line number
where the difference occurred.
The cmp command also specifies whether one file is an initial subsequence of the other (that is, if the cmp command reads an End-of-File
character in one file before finding any differences). Usually, you use the cmp command to compare nontext files and the diff command to
compare text files.
Note that bytes and lines reported by cmp are numbered from 1.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned: The files are identical. The files differ. This includes files of different lengths that are
identical in the first part of both files. An error occurred.
EXAMPLES
To determine whether two files are identical, enter: cmp prog.o.bak prog.o
The preceding command compares the files prog.o.bak and prog.o. If the files are identical, a message is not displayed. If the
files differ, the location of the first difference is displayed. For instance: prog.o.bak prog.o differ: byte 5, line 1
If the message cmp: EOF on prog.o.bak is displayed, then the first part of prog.o is identical to prog.o.bak, but there is addi-
tional data in prog.o.
If the message cmp: EOF on prog.o is displayed, it is prog.o.bak that is the same as prog.o but also contains addition data. To
display each pair of bytes that differ, enter: cmp -l prog.o.bak prog.o
This compares the files and then displays the byte number (in decimal) and the differing bytes (in octal) for each difference. For
example, if the fifth byte is octal 101 in prog.o.bak and 141 in prog.o, then the cmp command displays: 5 101 141
.
.
.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables affect the execution of cmp: Provides a default value for the internationalization variables that are
unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from the default locale is used. If any of the internationalization vari-
ables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the variables had been defined. If set to a non-empty string value,
overrides the values of all the other internationalization variables. Determines the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes
of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multibyte characters in arguments). Determines the locale for the for-
mat and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error. Determines the location of message catalogues for the processing of
LC_MESSAGES.
SEE ALSO
Commands: comm(1), bdiff(1), diff(1), diff3(1), sdiff(1)
Standards: standards(5)
cmp(1)