12-07-2011
You're really overthinking this. It's like looking for a specification designed to print the letter 'A', and because there's no specifications specifically about printing the letter 'A', deciding that printing the letter 'A' is something very mysterious, complicated, and badly documented.
You can either write error messages to stderr, write them to a file, or use the system logger. Shell utilities usually use stderr. System daemons usually use files or the system logger. What an 'error' is, and what deserves logging, is up to you. syslog in particular lets you tell it how important the message is when you make it.
What's more useful to know is how other things return errors. See man errno, the global variable many things set on error. There's also a set of functions to use with it. Also see man 3 syslog for the "standard" way errors are recorded on a UNIX system -- it's not just a library call, there's log-related parts of the kernel it talks to.
Last edited by Corona688; 12-07-2011 at 05:45 PM..
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LEARN ABOUT CENTOS
sys_errlist
PERROR(3) Linux Programmer's Manual PERROR(3)
NAME
perror - print a system error message
SYNOPSIS
#include <stdio.h>
void perror(const char *s);
#include <errno.h>
const char *sys_errlist[];
int sys_nerr;
int errno;
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
sys_errlist, sys_nerr: _BSD_SOURCE
DESCRIPTION
The routine perror() produces a message on the standard error output, describing the last error encountered during a call to a system or
library function. First (if s is not NULL and *s is not a null byte ('