ANSWER 1. This is a large and loaded question. Essentially your answer boils down to one thing: You need to access Windows Shares using Samba, not via SSH. SSH is a protocol which mainly gives you interactive access to a remote shell session. There is also SCP which is a specific SSH derived protocol which can be used to Copy files between systems using SSH encryption. To use it the windows system must support SSH and SCP. I am sure there is some software to enable this.

Another possible answer is to get an NFS (Network File System) service installed on windows. You can then use that to allow the Linux system to mount the NFS file systems directly.

Samba is still the most commonly used solution. It has trouble with Active Directory, Windows Domain security is a quagmire of issues, but people generally manage to get it to work. Google is your friend.

ANSWER 2. The command "find" is your friend. It can be used to locate a file on the system, and it automatically searches in directories and sub-directories. To look for notepad1.txt somewhere in your home directory, try this command:

Code:

find ~ -name notepad1.txt

When it locates the file, it will output the path.

You can search the entire system, including all users like this:

Code:

find / -name notepad1.txt

This requires that you have permissions to look in all directories, so to give the command super-user rights, use sudo to increase the permissions for the command

Code:

sudo find / -name notepad1.txt

The first "thing" after the command "find" is where to look. The ~ means "My Own Home Directory". The / means the root of all the file systems. You could also specify a specific directory, such as /tmp , or even a list of directories to look in.

Once you learn its full use, the find command is very powerful, it can limit by file ownership, permissions, access and modification times, and it can perform formatting on its output. It can also be used to initiate programs on the selected (found) files.

ANSWER 3. I am not sure what you are looking for - Try the command "last"

For a specific IP address, try

Code:

last | grep 192.168.1.1

ANSWER 4. I am not sure of the meaning of this question. To know all your local IP addresses, try

Code:

ifconfig -a

To know all IP addresses recently observed, try

Code:

arp -n

To know all IP addresses which can respond to ping, try

Code:

ping -bn 192.168.1.255

This is the BROADCAST address. It does not always work because some people use firewalls and other means to prevent their systems from responding to ping.

I hope this all helps. Happy Linux'ing!